Table 3.
Estimated hazard ratios and associated 95% confidence intervals of the association between each of the covariates and ESRD on the basis of the training subset of the full cohort (n=19,215)
| Variable | Hazard Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |
| Age (per 10 yr) | 0.78 (0.74 to 0.81) | 0.84 (0.81 to 0.88) | 0.76 (0.72 to 0.80) | 0.77 (0.73 to 0.80) |
| Men versus women | 1.35 (1.20 to 1.52) | 1.21 (1.08 to 1.37) | 1.25 (1.11 to 1.42) | 1.38 (1.22 to 1.57) |
| Black versus white | 3.09 (2.65 to 3.61) | 2.29 (1.96 to 2.68) | 2.14 (1.83 to 2.51) | 2.01 (1.71 to 2.35) |
| Hispanic versus white | 2.17 (1.79 to 2.63) | 1.65 (1.36 to 2.01) | 1.55 (1.27 to 1.89) | 1.52 (1.25 to 1.86) |
| Asian versus white | 2.16 (1.81 to 2.59) | 1.79 (1.50 to 2.14) | 1.63 (1.36 to 1.96) | 1.61 (1.34 to 1.94) |
| Other versus white | 1.27 (0.93 to 1.72) | 1.19 (0.87 to 1.61) | 1.39 (1.02 to 1.90) | 1.47 (1.08 to 2.00) |
| eGFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2; per 5 units) | 0.71 (0.70 to 0.72) | 0.70 (0.66 to 0.73) | 0.68 (0.64 to 0.72) | 0.70 (0.66 to 0.74) |
| Dipstick proteinuria=1+ versus none or trace | 0.98 (0.53 to 1.82) | 0.83 (0.45 to 1.53) | 0.80 (0.43 to 1.49) | |
| Dipstick proteinuria=2+ versus none or trace | 3.09 (1.84 to 5.18) | 2.98 (1.76 to 5.04) | 2.66 (1.57 to 4.51) | |
| Dipstick proteinuria≥3+ versus none or trace | 6.56 (3.93 to 10.94) | 6.13 (3.67 to 10.23) | 5.52 (3.31 to 9.21) | |
| Medicare versus private insurance | 1.41 (1.12 to 1.77) | 1.50 (1.19 to 1.89) | ||
| Medicaid versus private insurance | 1.30 (1.04 to 1.63) | 1.35 (1.08 to 1.69) | ||
| Uninsured versus private insurance | 0.73 (0.57 to 0.92) | 0.74 (0.59 to 0.95) | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 2.49 (2.18 to 2.84) | 2.38 (2.09 to 2.72) | ||
| Cardiovascular disease | 1.12 (0.97 to 1.28) | 1.13 (0.98 to 1.31) | ||
| Hypertension | 1.27 (1.10 to 1.46) | 1.36 (1.18 to 1.57) | ||
| Substance abuse | 0.78 (0.67 to 0.90) | 0.79 (0.68 to 0.91) | ||
| Chronic viral diseasea | 0.94 (0.82 to 1.09) | 0.85 (0.74 to 0.98) | ||
| Serum albumin (per 1 g/dl) | 0.87 (0.80 to 0.95) | |||
| Serum calcium (per 1 mg/dl) | 1.00 (0.93 to 1.07) | |||
| Hemoglobin (per 1 g/dl) | 0.89 (0.86 to 0.91) | |||
| Serum cholesterol (per 10 mg/dl) | 1.02 (1.01 to 1.03) | |||
| eGFR×dipstick proteinuria 1+ | 1.12 (1.05 to 1.21) | 1.14 (1.06 to 1.23) | 1.14 (1.06 to 1.23) | |
| eGFR×dipstick proteinuria 2+ | 1.11 (1.05 to 1.18) | 1.11 (1.04 to 1.18) | 1.11 (1.05 to 1.19) | |
| eGFR×dipstick proteinuria≥3+ | 1.13 (1.07 to 1.20) | 1.12 (1.05 to 1.19) | 1.11 (1.05 to 1.18) | |
a
HIV, hepatitis C virus, and/or hepatitis B virus infection.