Fig. 6.

The scheme of glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, with indicated enzymes which impaired production, due to silencing of corresponding genes, resulted in less efficient (marked in red bold font) or delayed (marked in blue bold font) enterance of human dermal fibroblasts to the S phase. Abbreviations: ACO - aconitase; ALDO - fructose-bisphosphate aldolase; CS - citrate synthase; ENO - enolase; FH - fumarase; GAPDH - glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase; GPI - phosphoglucose isomerase; HK - hexokinase; IDH - isocitrate dehydrogenase; LDH - lactate dehydrogenase; MDH - malate dehydrogenase; OGDH - α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase; PC - pyruvate carboxylase; PDH - puryvate dehydrogenase; PFK - phosphofructokinase; PGK - phosphoglycerate kinase; PGAM - phosphoglycerate mutase; PKM - pyruvate kinase; SCS - succinyl-CoA synthetase; SDH - succinate dehydrogenase; TPI - triosephosphate isomerase. Abbreviations of metabolite names are as follows: 1,3BPG - 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate; 2PG - 2-phosphoglycerate; 3-P-G - 3-phosphoglycerate; AC-CoA - Acetyl-CoA; CIT - citrate; DHAP - dihydroxyacetone phosphate; F1,6BP - fructose 1,6-bisphosphate; F6P - fructose 6-phosphate; FUM - fumarate; G6P - glucose 6-phosphate; GADP - glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; ICT - isocitrate; MAL - malate; OXA - oxaloacetate; PEP - phosphoenolpyruvate; Pyr - pyruvate; SUC - succinate; SUC-CoA - α-ketoglutarate