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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 15.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Cancer Res. 2014 Oct 27;21(2):396–404. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-1591

Figure 2. Analysis of cell lines and ex vivo organotypic cultures supports the combined targeting of MEK and PI3K in PDAC.

Figure 2

A, B) Treatment of PDAC cell lines with vehicle control or with the indicated drugs (AZD: AZD-6244; BKM: BKM-120; GDC: GDC-0941) used at 1 μ#. A) FACS plots showing PI/AnnexinV staining. The % of apoptotic cells is indicated. B) Western blot showing effect of the inhibitors on p-AKT (Thr308) and p-ERK (Thr202/Tyr204) levels.

C-D) Analysis of therapeutic responses of ex vivo organotypic cultures of primary PDAC. C) Freshly derived organotypic cultures were treated with the indicated compounds (each at 1 μM) for 24 hours and then processed for staining with H&E or with antibodies to p-ERK (Thr202/Tyr204), p-AKT (Thr308), p-S6 (Ser235/236), Ki-67, and cleaved Caspase 3. D) Quantification of apoptosis at 24 hrs (cleaved caspase-3 staining) and of proliferation (Ki-67 staining). Statistical significance is indicated; p<0.01 (*), p<0.0001 (**).