Table 3.

Diet-Based Glycemic Load in Relation to Cognitive Performance and Change per 10 Years of Age (n = 553)

	General Ability			Speed			Memory			Verbal			Spatial
	Est.	SE	p	Est.	SE	p	Est.	SE	p	Est.	SE	p	Est.	SE	p
Model 1*
Intercept	50.01	0.39	<.001	48.97	0.35	<.001	50.28	0.40	<.001	50.23	0.40	<.001	49.62	0.38	<.001
Change	−3.57	0.21	<.001	−6.31	0.21	<.001	−2.51	0.27	<.001	−1.28	0.19	<.001	−4.11	0.22	<.001
Predictor	−0.53	0.15	.000	−0.50	0.13	.000	−0.42	0.15	.004	−0.31	0.15	.040	−0.36	0.14	.010
Change × predictor	−0.01	0.08	.230	−0.04	0.08	.580	0.08	0.10	.450	0.02	0.08	.760	−0.07	0.08	.403
Model 2†
Intercept	50.74	0.39	<.001	49.94	0.41	<.001	50.84	0.45	<.001	50.93	0.39	<.001	50.26	0.42	<.001
Change	−2.63	0.44	<.001	−4.41	0.50	<.001	−1.08	0.59	.068	−1.04	0.42	.014	−2.85	0.53	<.001
Predictor	−0.24	0.13	.064	−0.29	0.13	.023	−0.08	0.14	.544	−0.11	0.13	.422	−0.29	0.13	.029
Change × predictor	0.05	0.07	.457	0.03	0.08	.714	0.18	0.10	.078	0.13	0.07	.075	0.05	0.08	.573
Model 3‡
Intercept	50.75	0.39	<.001	49.94	0.41	<.001	50.85	0.45	<.001	50.98	0.39	<.001	50.18	0.43	<.001
Change	−2.69	0.44	<.001	−4.42	0.50	<.001	−0.98	0.59	.100	−1.01	0.42	.020	−2.93	0.53	<.001
Predictor	−0.22	0.13	.090	−0.28	0.13	.030	−0.07	0.14	.620	−0.08	0.13	.520	−0.29	0.13	.030
Change × predictor	0.06	0.07	.370	0.03	0.08	.740	0.19	0.11	.080	0.15	0.07	.040	0.07	0.08	.400

Notes : Est. = estimate or unstandardized regression coefficient; SE = standard error of measurement.

*Unadjusted model.

^†Results are adjusted for baseline age, gender, education, waist circumference, and depressive symptoms.

^‡Results are adjusted for baseline age, gender, education, waist circumference, depressive symptoms, cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes.