Table 1.
Characteristics of the Nested Case-Control Population, Overall and by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Status
| Status, Characteristic | Couples With HIV-1 Acquisition, (n = 120) | Couples Without HIV-1 Acquisition, (n = 321) | P Valuesa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | |||
| Female sex, HIV-1–infected partner | 60 (50.0) | 114 (35.5) | .006 |
| East African (vs southern African) | 79 (65.8) | 219 (68.2) | .2 |
| Married/living with HIV-1–infected partner | 112 (93.3) | 299 (93.2) | .5 |
| No. of children in partnership | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | <.001 |
| Unprotected sex at visit selected for cytokine testing | 50 (41.7) | 61 (19.0) | <.001 |
| HIV-1 susceptible | |||
| Age, y | 29 (24–37) | 33 (28–41) | <.001 |
| Any syndromic diagnosis of genital tract infectionb | 18 (15.0) | 15 (4.7) | <.001 |
| HIV-1 infected | |||
| Age, y | 30 (26–35) | 33 (27–39) | .02 |
| Any syndromic diagnosis of genital tract infectionb | 14 (11.8) | 35 (10.9) | .1 |
| Plasma HIV-1 load, log10 copies/mL | 4.9 (4.3–5.3) | 4.0 (3.3–4.8) | <.001 |
Data are no. (%) of couples, or median value (interquartile range).
a By χ2 analysis, for categorical variables, and the Wilcoxon test, for continuous variables.
b Includes urethritis, cervicitis, vaginitis, genital ulcer disease, pelvic inflammatory disease, herpes simplex virus infection, and lymphogranuloma venereum.