TABLE 1.
Antimicrobial activities of biosurfactants with different concentrations against several bacterial and fungal strains isolated from explanted voice prostheses
| Microorganism | Growth inhibitiona observed at indicated concn (mg/ml) of biosurfactant:
|
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 (from L. lactis 53)
|
2 (from S. ther- mophilus A)
|
|||||||||
| 5 | 10 | 25 | 50 | 100 | 3 | 5 | 10 | 50 | 100 | |
| Staphylococcus epidermidis GB 9/6 | ± | ± | + | + | + | ± | ± | ± | + | + |
| Streptococcus salivarius GB 24/9 | − | − | ± | ± | + | − | − | ± | ± | + |
| Staphylococcus aureus GB 2/1 | ± | ± | ± | + | + | − | − | ± | ± | + |
| Rothia dentocariosa GBJ 52/2B | − | − | ± | ± | ± | − | − | ± | ± | ± |
| Candida albicans GBJ 13/4A | − | ± | ± | + | + | − | − | ± | + | + |
| Candida tropicalis GB 9/9 | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
a
+, growth inhibition observed (no colonies formed); ±, limited growth inhibition (some colonies formed); −, no growth inhibition (many colonies formed).