Table 1.
Demographics
| Presented as percent unless otherwise noted | Rituximab, no cyclophosphamide (n = 20) | Rituximab + cyclophosphamide (n = 100) | Cyclophosphamide (no rituximab) (n = 351) | P value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 50 (38, 64) | 50 (35, 58) | 60 (47, 71) | <0.001 |
| Female | 75% | 49% | 46% | 0.81 |
| Race | 0.99 | |||
| White | 79% | 83% | 86% | |
| Black | 16% | 8% | 9% | |
| Other | 5% | 9% | 5% | |
| ANCA | 0.12 | |||
| MPO/pANCA | 15% | 42% | 56% | |
| PR3/cANCA | 40% | 56% | 42% | |
| Both PR3 and MPO | 5% | 1% | 0 | |
| ANCA positive (MPO) | 0% | 2% | 1% | |
| PR3 not known | ||||
| ANCA negative | 40% | 10% | 1% | |
| Disease category | 0.001 | |||
| MPA | 40% | 44% | 54% | |
| GPA | 55% | 45% | 22% | |
| GN | 5% | 9% | 23% | |
| EGPA | 0% | 2% | 1% | |
| Lung involvement | 10% | 57% | 51% | 0.23 |
| ENT involvement | 35% | 53% | 35% | 0.01 |
| Kidney involvement | 45% | 85% | 97% | 0.007 |
| Creatinine peak at diagnosis | 1.2 (1.0, 2.0) | 1.9 (1.1, 2.9) | 3.4 (2.0, 5.4) | 0.0001 |
| Ever treated with prednisone; Median months (IQR) |
95% 6 (4, 11) |
96% 12 (7, 25) |
96% 10 (5, 20) |
0.95 0.04 |
| Ever treated with IV CYC; Median months (IQR) |
0% NA |
83% 5 (4.7) |
66% 5 (2, 6) |
0.01 0.009 |
| Ever treated with Oral CYC; Median months (IQR) |
0% NA |
48% 7 (4, 12) |
54% 8 (3, 14) |
0.43 0.72 |
| Ever treated CYC (IV or oral); Median months (IQR) |
0% NA |
100% 7 (5, 13) |
100% 6 (3, 12) |
NA 0.09 |
| Ever treated with MMF; Median months (IQR) |
80% 20 (5, 30) |
72% 22 (4, 56) |
29% 11 (4,24) |
0.001 0.04 |
| Ever treated with AZA; Median months (IQR) |
50% 10 (2, 24) |
54% 12(2, 27) |
29% 7 (2, 18) |
0.01 0.39 |
| Ever treated with methylprednisolone; Median months (IQR) |
85% 4 (3, 6) |
87% 5 (3, 6) |
70% 3 (3, 3) |
0.01 0.0001 |
| Follow-up since first day of any immunosuppression median (IQR) (months) | 18 (7, 49) | 59 (40, 104) | 31 (12, 59) | 0.001 |
IQR, interquartile range; MPO, myeloperoxidase; ANCA, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody; PR3, proteinase 3; MPO, microscopic polyangiitis; GPA, granulomatosis with polyangiitis; GN, pauci-immune necrotizing and/or crescentic glomerulonephritis; EGPA, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis; ENT, ear, nose and throat; CYC, cyclophosphamide; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; AZA, azathioprine; CI, confidence interval; NA, not applicable.
*P values compare all rituximab treated (n = 120) to those who never received rituximab (n = 351) and were calculated by Fisher's exact test for categorical variables and Wilcoxon two-sample test for continuous variables.