Table 5.
Qualitative Clusters and Subtypes of Personality Disorders according to DSM
| Cluster Label | Subtype Label | Discriminating Feature |
|---|---|---|
| A—Odd/Eccentric | (Low Reward Dependence) | |
|
| ||
| Schizoid | Socially indifferent | |
|
| ||
| Paranoid | Suspicious | |
|
| ||
| Schizotypal | Eccentric | |
|
| ||
| B—Erratic/Impulsive | (High Novelty Seeking) | |
|
| ||
| Antisocial | Disagreeable | |
|
| ||
| Borderline | Unstable | |
|
| ||
| Histrionic | Attention-seeking | |
|
| ||
| Narcissistic | Self-centered | |
|
| ||
| C—Anxious/Fearful | (High Harm Avoidance) | |
|
| ||
| Avoidant | Inhibited | |
|
| ||
| Dependent | Submissive | |
|
| ||
| Obsessive | Perfectionistic | |
|
| ||
| Not Otherwise Specified | ||
|
| ||
| Passive-aggressive | Negativistic | |
|
| ||
| Depressive | Pessimistic | |
Adapted with permission from American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association, 1994.