Table 1.
Enzymes and reactions that are potential sources of “secondary” reactive oxygen species (ROS) in aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway.
| Gene ID in A. flavus genome database | Gene symbol (old gene symbol) | Gene/enzyme name | Reaction, reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| AFLA_139140 | aflYa (nadA) | NADH oxidase | formation of AFG1 from HOMST [27] |
| AFLA_139160 | aflX (ordB) | monooxygenase/oxidase | - |
| AFLA_139170 | aflW (moxY) | monooxygenase | - |
| AFLA_139180 | aflV (cypX) | cytochrome P450 monooxygenase | - |
| AFLA_139200 | aflQ (ordA) | cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, CYP64 | OMST to AFB1 |
| AFLA_139230 | aflI (avfA) | cytochrome P450 monooxygenase | oxidation of averufin to VHA |
| AFLA_139240 | aflLa (HypB) | oxidase | oxidation of ST to AF (?) [28] |
| AFLA_139250 | aflL (verB) | desaturase/P450 monooxygenase | - |
| AFLA_139260 | aflG (avnA) | cytochrome P450 monooxygenase | AVN to HAVN |
| AFLA_139280 | aflN (verA) | cytochrome P450 monooxygenase | VHA to ST |
| AFLA_139400 | aflCa (HypC) | oxidase | NORA anthrone to NORA [28] |
| AFLA_139430 | aflU (cypA) | cytochrome P450 monooxygenase | hydroxylate to NORA anthrone (?) |
Abbreviations: AFG1, aflatoxin G1; HOMST, 11-hydroxy-O-methylsterigmatocystin; OMST, O-methylsterigmatocystin; AFB1, aflatoxin B1; VHA, versiconal hemiacetal acetate; ST, sterigmatocystin; AVN, averantin; HAVN, 5'-hydroxyaverantin; NORA, norsolorinic acid.