Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate cox- regression analysis to predict postcessational weight gain of more than 5 % of baseline body weight within 24 months (n = 654)
| n = 654 | Univariate cox -regression analysis | Multivariate cox-regression analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | HR | 95 % CI | p | HR | 95 % CI | p |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age (30 vs. 50 years) | 1.00 | 0.99-1.02 | 0.59 | 1.00 | 0.97-1.03 | 0.94 |
| BMI (20 vs. 30) | 0.45 | 0.35-0.85 | 0.02 | 0.60 | 0.40-0.80 | 0.03 |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | ---- | ---- | ---- | --- | --- | --- |
| Female | 1.42 | 1.07-1.87 | 0.01 | 1.40 | 0.93-2.10 | 0.11 |
| Civil status | ||||||
| Single) | ---- | ---- | ---- | --- | --- | --- |
| Married | 0.97 | 0.64-1.46 | 0.88 | --- | --- | --- |
| Divorced | 0.78 | 0.44-1.39 | 0.46 | --- | --- | --- |
| Widowed | 1.40 | 0.46-4.17 | 0.55 | --- | --- | --- |
| Education | ||||||
| University | ---- | ---- | ---- | --- | --- | --- |
| Apprenticeship | 1.97 | 1.20-3.24 | <0.01 | 2.60 | 1.60-5.50 | <0.01 |
| Basic education | 3.02 | 1.60-5.36 | <0.01 | 2.90 | 1.39-4.83 | <0.01 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Arterial Hypertension | 0.99 | 0.52-1.91 | 1.00 | 1.05 | 0.51-2.18 | 0.89 |
| Coronary heart disease | 0.34 | 0.12-0.95 | 0.02 | 0.21 | 0.07-0.62 | <0.01 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2.22 | 1.11-6.01 | 0.04 | 3.05 | 2.20-8.06 | 0.02 |
| Malignancy | 1.01 | 0.44-2.32 | 0.98 | 0.61 | 0.25-1.50 | 0.28 |
| Epilepsy | 1.08 | 0.78-1.86 | 0.78 | 1.42 | 0.5-1.32 | 0.45 |
| Antidepressant medication | 0.93 | 0.62-1.40 | 0.73 | 0.89 | 0.54-1.46 | 0.64 |
| Psychiatric disorder | 1.19 | 0.78-1.80 | 0.41 | 1.07 | 0.62-1.85 | 0.79 |
| Satisfaction with Life (Qol), (points) | 0.98 | 0.95-1.01 | 0.26 | 0.98 | 0.95-1.02 | 0.42 |
| Respiratory Symptoms | ||||||
| Cough | 1.02 | 0.99-1.04 | 0.18 | 1.00 | 0.90-1.08 | 0.42 |
| Sputum | 1.50 | 1.08-2.07 | 0.01 | 1.32 | 0.89-1.95 | 0.17 |
| Wheezing | 1.23 | 1.10-2.34 | 0.26 | 1.31 | 1.09-1.17 | 0.35 |
| Breathlessness at rest | 1.59 | 0.94-2.69 | 0.09 | 1.29 | 0.65-2.55 | 0.47 |
| Breathlessness at exertion | 1.04 | 0.78-1.37 | 0.80 | 0.93 | 0.66-1.30 | 0.66 |
| Smoking related history | ||||||
| Number of cigarettes/day | ||||||
| 0-10 | 0.56 | 0.34-0.93 | 0.02 | 0.53 | 0.27-0.63 | 0.04 |
| 21-30 | 0.90 | 0.64-1.27 | 0.55 | 0.74 | 0.48-1.14 | 0.18 |
| >30 | 1.34 | 0.81-2.20 | 0.25 | 0.97 | 0.48-1.96 | 0.94 |
| FTND (6 vs. 3 points) | 1.09 | 1.03-1.16 | 0.01 | 1.09 | 0.98-1.21 | 0.12 |
| Intensity of craving (VAS 100 vs. 50) | 1.00 | 0.99-1.01 | 0.35 | 1.00 | 0.99-1.00 | 0.50 |
| Exhaled CO, ppb | 1.07 | 0.99-1.02 | 0.11 | 0.99 | 0.99-1.01 | 0.84 |
| Motivation to quit (VAS 100 vs.50) | 1.00 | 0.99-1.01 | 0.48 | 1.00 | 0.99-1.02 | 0.63 |
| Motivation for smoking | ||||||
| Weight control | 1.10 | 0.79-1.55 | 0.57 | 1.02 | 0.65-1.59 | 0.94 |
| Dependency | 0.91 | 0.60-1.38 | 0.66 | 0.91 | 0.61-1.38 | 0.66 |
| Mood control | 1.32 | 0.93-1.86 | 0.12 | 0.97 | 0.63-1.48 | 0.87 |
| Boredom | 1.50 | 1.13-1.99 | <0.01 | 1.68 | 1.21-2.33 | <0.01 |
| Unwillingness to quit | 1.40 | 1.02-1.92 | 0.04 | 1.25 | 0.84-1.84 | 0.27 |
| Relaxation | 1.02 | 0.76-1.36 | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.62-1.31 | 0.60 |
| Obstipation | 1.12 | 0.70-1.78 | 0.64 | 0.92 | 0.49-1.71 | 0.79 |
| Pharmacological support | ||||||
| Counselling only | ---- | ---- | ---- | --- | --- | |
| NRT | ||||||
| Mono | 0.82 | 0.41-1.68 | 0.59 | --- | --- | --- |
| Combined | 1.09 | 0.57-2.1 | 0.80 | --- | --- | --- |
| Mono + bupropion | 0.99 | 0.50-1.97 | 0.98 | --- | --- | --- |
| Combined + bupropion | 1.75 | 0.95-3.19 | 0.07 | --- | --- | --- |
| Bupropion | 1.43 | 0.68-3.02 | 0.34 | --- | --- | --- |
The reference category for discontinuous or ordinal variables is given in parentheses. For continuous or ordinal variables, OR had to be based on meaningful differences of the predicting variable. BMI = Body mass index; FTND = Fagerstroem test for nicotine dependence; exhaled CO = exhaled carbon monoxide; NRT = Nicotine replacement therapy