Table 2.
Distribution of preoperative and operative data according to occurence or not of AKI allocated to RIFLE (Risk, Injury and Failure grade) and by the serum creatinine (SCr) or urine output (UO) criteria AKI
| Variable | No AKI | AKI | p-value | AKI SCr | AKI UO | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 222) | (N = 221) | (N = 43) | (N = 178) | |||
| Age (years) | 65.0 (59.0 - 74.0) | 71.0 (63.0 - 73.0) | < 0.001 | 71.0 (60.0 - 77.0) | 71.0 (63.0 - 77.0) | 0.98 |
| Gender (Female) (%) | 61 (27.5) | 72 (32.5) | 0.21 | 12 (27.9) | 60 (33.7) | 0.47 |
| BMI (kg/m²) | 25.6 (22.9 - 28.3) | 26.9 (24.3 - 30.5) | < 0.001 | 28.3 (24.8 - 30.9) | 26.6 (24.4 - 30.4) | 0.25 |
| Hypertension (%) | 178 (80.2) | 173 (78.3) | 0.62 | 40 (93.0) | 133 (74.7) | < 0.001 |
| COPD (%) | 39 (17.6) | 45 (20.4) | 0.45 | 14 (32.6) | 31 (17.4) | 0.03 |
| Angina pectoris (%) | 106 (47.7) | 91 (41.2) | 0.16 | 16 (37.2) | 75 (42.1) | 0.55 |
| MI previous surgery (%) | 67 (30.2) | 49 (22.2) | 0.06 | 10 (23.3) | 39 (21.9) | 0.85 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 44 (19.8) | 56 (25.3) | 0.16 | 14 (32.6) | 42 (23.6) | 0.22 |
| Emergency (%) | 8 (3.60) | 4 (1.81) | 0.24 | 0 (0.00) | 4 (2.25) | 0.32 |
| Preoperative GFR | ||||||
| (mL/min) | 83.0 (73 - 97) | 72.0 (56 - 89) | < 0.001 | 67.0 (49 - 78) | 73.5 (56 - 89) | 0.06 |
| Preoperative | ||||||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 14.0 (12.7 - 14.9) | 13.5 (12.4 - 14.7) | 0.10 | 12.9 (11.5 - 14.6) | 13.8 (12.5 - 14.8) | 0.06 |
| LVEF < 60% (%) | 58 (26.1) | 56 (25.3) | 0.85 | 13 (30.2) | 43 (24.2) | 0.41 |
| Logistic | ||||||
| Parsonnet (%) | 5.12 (2.65 - 10.8) | 7.60 (4.05 - 17.3) | < 0.001 | 8.41 (5.16 - 15.9) | 7.47 (4.00 - 18.7) | 0.71 |
| Logistic | ||||||
| EuroSCORE1 (%) | 3.51 (2.01 - 6.48) | 4.79 (2.28 - 8.58) | 0.004 | 5.29 (2.73 - 11.0) | 4.65 (2.21 - 8.44) | 0.40 |
| Surgical delay (days) | 20.0 (6 - 39) | 22.0 (8 - 45) | 0.18 | 17.0 (5 - 35) | 27.0 (8 - 48) | 0.02 |
| Type of surgery | ||||||
| OPCABG (%) | 37 (16.7) | 21 (9.50) | < 0.001 | 6 (14.0) | 15 (8.43) | 0.13 |
| CABG (%) | 102 (45.9) | 80 (36.1) | 13 (30.2) | 67 (37.6) | ||
| Valve surgery (%) | 74 (33.3) | 74 (33.5) | 19 (44.2) | 55 (30.9) | ||
| Valve and CABG (%) | 9 (4.05) | 46 (20.8) | 5 (11.6) | 41 (23.0) | ||
| CPB time (min.)* | 85.0 (70 - 100) | 90.0 (75.5 - 108.0) | 0.02 | 89.0 (81.0 - 100.0) | 90.0 (74.0 - 109.0) | 0.80 |
| Aortic cross | ||||||
| Clamp time (min.)* | 52.0 (39.0 - 64.0) | 58.0 (44.0 - 75.0) | 0.003 | 58.0 (45.0 - 71.0) | 58.5 (43.5 - 76.0) | 0.83 |
| Nadir hematocrit (%) | 22.0 (19 - 24) | 20.0 (19 - 24) | 0.06 | 20.0 (19.0 - 24.0) | 20.0 (19.0 - 24.0) | 0.83 |
| Nadir MAP | ||||||
| During surgery (mmHg) | 45 (40 -55) | 45 (40 -55) | 0.57 | 45 (40 -55) | 45 (40 -50) | 0.50 |
| Days in ICU | 2.0 (2 - 3) | 2.0 (2 -4) | < 0.001 | 3.0 (2 - 6) | 2.0 (2 - 4) | 0.07 |
| Days in hospital | 12.0 (10 - 16) | 13.0 (10 - 18) | 0.55 | 14.0 (11 - 22) | 12.0 (10 - 18) | 0.07 |
Data are expressed as median (25-75th percentiles) or proportion of patients in %
*Data are calculated as median (25-75th percentiles) only for cases with cardiopulmonary bypass (n = 385)
BMI: body mass index; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; MI: myocardial infarction; GFR: glomerular filtration rate; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; Surgical delay: delay between diagnostic coronarography and surgery; OPCABG: off-pump coronary artery bypass graft; CABG: Coronary artery bypass graft with cardiopulmonary bypass; Valve surgery: aortic valve replacement or mitral valve repair/replacement surgery; Valve and CABG: aortic valve replacement or mitral valve repair/replacement surgery combined with coronary artery bypass graft; CPB: cardiopulmonary bypass; MAP: mean arterial pressure; ICU: intensive care unit