Table 1.
Patient characteristics (N = 3,784)
| Characteristic | IS Patients (n = 1,892) | Non-IS Patients (n = 1,892) | P Valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR), y | 51.0 (36.0-64.0) | 51.0 (35.0-64.0) | .95 |
| Male sex, No. of patients (%) | 718 (37.9) | 821 (43.4) | <.001 |
| Race, No. of patients (%) | <.001 | ||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 12 (0.6) | 4 (0.2) | |
| Black | 511 (27.0) | 34 (1.8) | |
| White | 235 (12.4) | 1,726 (91.2) | |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | 9 (0.5) | 1 (0.1) | |
| Asian | 511 (27.0) | 50 (2.6) | |
| Other, unknown, or chose not to disclose | 614 (32.5) | 77 (4.1) | |
| Ethnicity, No. of patients (%) | <.001 | ||
| Hispanic or Latino | 259 (13.7) | 29 (1.5) | |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 1,325 (70.0) | 1,698 (89.7) | |
| Unknown or chose not to disclose | 308 (16.3) | 165 (8.7) | |
| Marital status, No. of patients (%) | <.001 | ||
| Married or life partner | 1,164 (61.5) | 1,267 (67.0) | |
| Divorced, single, widowed, separated, or unknown | 728 (38.5) | 625 (33.0) | |
| Insurance | <.001 | ||
| Government | 1,024 (54.1) | 550 (29.1) | |
| Non-Government | 505 (26.7) | 1,160 (61.3) | |
| Unknown | 363 (19.2) | 182 (9.6) | |
| Residency | <.001 | ||
| Rural | 132 (7.0) | 686 (36.3) | |
| Urban | 1,397 (73.8) | 1,025 (54.1) | |
| Unknown | 363 (19.2) | 181 (9.6) | |
| Charlson Scoreb | N = 1860 | N = 1857 | 0.0009 |
| 0 | 1127 (60.6) | 1235 (66.5) | |
| 1 | 366 (19.9) | 307 (16.5) | |
| 2+ | 367 (19.7) | 315 (17.0) | |
| Out-patient visits | <0.0001 | ||
| 0–1 | 660 (34.9) | 415 (21.9) | |
| 2–4 | 357 (18.9) | 515 (27.2) | |
| 5–10 | 435 (23.0) | 483 (25.5) | |
| 11+ | 440 (23.3) | 479 (25.3) | |
| Emergency department visits, No. of patients (%) | <.001 | ||
| 0 | 1,607 (84.9) | 1,691 (89.4) | |
| 1 | 181 (9.6) | 141 (7.5) | |
| 2 | 45 (2.4) | 31 (1.6) | |
| ≥3 | 59 (3.1) | 29 (1.5) | |
| Hospitalizations, No. of patients (%) | <.001 | ||
| 0 | 1,443 (76.3) | 1,600 (84.6) | |
| 1 | 300 (15.9) | 220 (11.6) | |
| 2 | 80 (4.2) | 42 (2.2) | |
| ≥3 | 69 (3.6) | 30 (1.6) | |
IQR interquartile range, IS interpreter services
aχ2 Test for categorical variables and rank sum test for continuous variables
bAvailable for a subset of the population (IS patients, n = 1,860; non-IS patients, n = 1,857)