Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the participants.
| Variable | Normal Controls (n = 24) | Early stage HF (n = 25) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (Years) | 47±3 | 49±3 | 0.6397 |
| Male (%) | 46 | 48 | 0.8888 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 4.64±0.10 | 7.38±0.85** | 0.0029 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 109±2 | 151±5*** | <0.0001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 72±1 | 91±3*** | <0.0001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 0.93±0.07 | 2.90±0.48*** | 0.0002 |
| CHO (mmol/L) | 3.95±0.13 | 4.61±0.30 | 0.0525 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.47±0.06 | 1.03±0.05*** | <0.0001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.19±0.09 | 3.23±0.19*** | <0.0001 |
| Salt Intake (g/day) | 10.12±0.53 | 12.12±0.79* | 0.0425 |
| Urine Na+ (mmol/L) | 172.13±9.03 | 206.06±13.47* | 0.0435 |
| Urine K+ (mmol/L) | 43.88±3.12 | 37.56±2.07 | 0.0955 |
1. Abbreviations: fasting blood glucose (FBG), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHO), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).
2. *: P < 0.05; **: P < 0.01; ***: P < 0.0001.