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. 2015 Feb 10;3(2):e00118. doi: 10.1002/prp2.118

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© 2015 The Authors. Pharmacology Research & Perspectives published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd, British Pharmacological Society and American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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MPD treatment reduced the disease severity of C. rodentium-induced colitis. Eight-week-old C57BL/6 mice were orally inoculated with C. rodentium. Percentage of weight gain or loss was determined at the indicated time points (A), colon length (B) and number of stool pellets (C) were measured. (D) HE staining shows that MPD treatment reduced mucosal hyperplasia, diminished focal ulceration and transmural inflammation in the C. rodentium-treated C57BL/6 mice. (E) Combined colonic histological scores were determined in the MPD-treated colitic mice. (F) C. rodentium colonization in the MLNs was determined after 7-day MPD treatment. Results are expressed as colony-forming unit (CFU). Results are expressed as the mean ± SEM, n = 6, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 versus controls without C. rodentium infection. (G) Overview of MPD action mechanisms. On the one hand, MPD stimulates epithelial innate immunity; on the other hand, MPD inhibits the exaggerated mucosal adaptive immunity.