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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychol Addict Behav. 2014 Sep;28(3):743–751. doi: 10.1037/a0037444

Table 5.

Results of Logistic Generalized Estimating Equations Analyses of Change in Risk Perceptions as Predictors of Any Quit Attempt (n = 267) and Abstinence (n = 243).

Variable Any Quit Attempt
Abstinence
OR 95% CI p OR 95% CI p
Intercept 0.36 [0.17,0.74] .006 1.35 [0.63,2.85] .434
Smoking Group (vs. Fruits & Vegetables) 0.72 [0.42,1.23] .231 0.74 [0.45,1.23] .252
Male (vs. being Female) 1.34 [0.79,2.26] .273 0.83 [0.52,1.32] .447
Age (vs. 18)
 22 1.27 [0.20,7.99] .798 3.07 [1.07,8.80] .036
 21 0.70 [0.30,1.61] .408 1.95 [0.90,4.22] .090
 20 0.81 [0.39,1.67] .580 1.69 [0.85,3.36] .135
 19 0.88 [0.44,1.76] .721 1.97 [0.99,3.95] .053
Time - Follow-up (vs. End of Treatment) 1.64 [1.38,1.94] .000 0.58 [0.39,0.85] .006
Level of Smoking 1.06 [1.03,1.09] .000 0.88 [0.84,0.91] .000
Perceived Vulnerability 1.03 [0.84,1.28] .720 1.41 [1.15,1.72] .001
Precaution Effectiveness 1.00 [0.89,1.12] .932 0.96 [0.87,1.06] .458
Optimism Bias 1.06 [0.88,1.27] .510 1.03 [0.86,1.23] .712

Note. Level of smoking (days smoked per month); For the Quit Attempt set of analyses the Corrected Quasi likelihood under Independence model Criterion (QIC) for model 1, model 2, and model 3 were 1042.7, 689.5, and 694.9, respectively. For the Abstinence set of analyses the QICs for model 1, model 2, and model 3 were 702.5, 532.1, and 535.1, respectively.