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Autophagosome formation and degradation. Phagophore nucleation is dependent on BECLIN 1 in complex with VPS34 and VPS15. Elongation of the membrane involves conjugation of LC3I to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) mediated by ATG12 and ATG5. The fully formed autophagosome subsequently fuses with a lysosome to degrade the cargo. To see this illustration in color, the reader is referred to the web version of this article at www.liebertpub.com/ars
