Table 2.
Overview of AM expression levels on PB and/or CSF T cells from the three patient groups.
| 1. CSF versus PB T cells in NZB-treated MS patients (n = 12) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CD8 T cells | CD4 T cells | |||||||
| CSF | PB | Difference in MFI | P-value | CSF | PB | Difference in MFI | P-value | |
| MFI (SD) | MFI (s.d.) | mean (95% CI) | MFI (s.d.) | MFI (s.d.) | mean (95% CI) | |||
| ICAM-1 | 1·7 (0·2) | 1·1 (0·3) | 0·6 (0·4–0·7) | <0·001 | 1·3 (0·2) | 0·7 (0·1) | 0·6 (0·5–0·8) | <0·001 |
| LFA-1 | 19·9 (3·2) | 8·9 (3·6) | 10·9 (9·1–12·8) | <0·001 | 16·5 (2·3) | 6·7 (1·2) | 9·8 (7·9–11·6) | <0·001 |
| alpha-4 | 0·5 (0·3) | 0·7 (0·2) | 0·2 (0·1–0·3) | <0·001 | 0·5 (0·2) | 0·6 (0·1) | 0·1 (0·0–0·2) | 0·14 |
| beta-1 | 2·5 (0·6) | 2·1 (1·1) | 0·3 (−0·5–1·0) | 0·47 | 3·2 (1·1) | 3·3 (1·2) | 0·1 (0·6–0·8) | 0·81 |
| 2. CSF CD8 T cells versus CSF CD4 T cells in NZB-treated patients, patients with NIND and newly diagnosed MS patients | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NZB-treated MS patients (n = 12) | Patients with NIND (n = 10) | |||||||
| CD8 | CD4 | Difference in MFI | P-value | CD8 | CD4 | Difference in MFI | P-value | |
| MFI (s.d.) | MFI (s.d.) | mean (95% CI) | MFI (s.d.) | MFI (s.d.) | mean (95% CI) | |||
| ICAM-1 | 1·7 (0·2) | 1·3 (0·2) | 0·4 (0·2–0·5) | <0·001 | 1·4 (0·3) | 1·1 (0·2) | 0·2 (0·1–0·3) | <0·001 |
| LFA-1 | 19·9 (3·2) | 16·5 (2·3) | 3·5 (1·6–5·3) | <0·001 | 21·4 (5·4) | 13·8 (2·9) | 7·6 (5·5–9·7) | <0·001 |
| alpha-4 | 0·5 (0·3) | 0·5 (0·2) | 0·1 (0·0–0·2) | 0·26 | 4·1 (1·3) | 5·1 (2·2) | 1·0 (0·1–1·8) | 0·028 |
| beta-1 | 2·5 (0·6) | 3·2 (1·1) | 0·7 (0·0–1·5) | 0·05 | 5·9 (1·1) | 8·7 (1·4) | 2·8 (2·3–3·3) | <0·001 |
| Newly diagnosed MS patients (n = 5) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CD8 | CD4 | Difference in MFI | P-value | |||||
| MFI (s.d.) | MFI (s.d.) | mean (95% CI) | ||||||
| ICAM-1 | 1·4 (0·1) | 1·0 (0·1) | 0·4 (0·3–0·4) | <0·001 | ||||
| LFA-1 | 21·9 (1·6) | 13·8 (0·5) | 8·2 (7·1–9·2) | <0·001 | ||||
| alpha-4 | 4·4 (0·9) | 4·8 (0·8) | 0·4 (0·2–0·6) | 0·001 | ||||
| beta-1 | 5·9 (0·5) | 9·3 (1·0) | 3·5 (3·1–3·8) | <0·001 | ||||
| 3. CSF T cells of NZB-treated patients versus CSF T cells from patients with NIND or newly diagnosed MS patients | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CD8 T cells | CD4 T cells | |||||||
| MS-NZB | NIND | Difference in MFI | P value | MS-NZB | NIND | Difference in MFI | P-value | |
| MFI (s.d.) | MFI (s.d.) | mean (95% CI) | MFI (s.d.) | MFI (s.d.) | mean (95% CI) | |||
| ICAM-1 | 1·7 (0·2) | 1·4 (0·3) | 0·3 (0·1–0·5) | 0·05 | 1·3 (0·2) | 1·1 (0·2) | 0·2 (0·0–0·3) | 0·077 |
| LFA-1 | 19·9 (3·2) | 21·4 (5·4) | 1·4 (−2·2–5·0) | 0·442 | 16·5 (2·3) | 13·8 (2·9) | 2·7 (0·6–4·8) | 0·011 |
| alpha-4 | 0·5 (0·3) | 4·1 (1·3) | 3·7 (2·9–4·4) | <0·001 | 0·5 (0·2) | 5·1 (2·2) | 4·6 (3·2–5·9) | <0·001 |
| beta-1 | 2·5 (0·6) | 5·9 (1·1) | 3·5 (2·8–4·3) | <0·001 | 3·2 (1·1) | 8·7 (1·4) | 5·6 (4·6–6·5) | <0·001 |
| CD8 T cells | CD4 T cells | |||||||
| MS-NZB | MSneo | Difference in MFI | P value | MS-NZB | MSneo | Difference in MFI | P-value | |
| MFI (s.d.) | MFI (s.d.) | mean (95% CI) | MFI (s.d.) | MFI (s.d.) | mean (95% CI) | |||
| ICAM-1 | 1·7 (0·2) | 1·4 (0·1) | 0·2 (0·1–0·4) | 0·001 | 1·3 (0·2) | 1·0 (0·1) | 0·3 (0·2–0·4) | <0·001 |
| LFA-1 | 19·9 (3·2) | 21·9 (1·6) | 2·0 (0·2–4·1) | 0·207 | 16·5 (2·3) | 13·8 (0·5) | 2·7 (1·4–4·0) | <0·001 |
| alpha-4 | 0·5 (0·3) | 4·4 (0·9) | 3·9 (3·1–4·7) | <0·001 | 0·5 (0·2) | 4·8 (0·8) | 4·2 (3·6–4·9) | <0·001 |
| beta-1 | 2·5 (0·6) | 5·9 (0·5) | 3·4 (2·9–3·9) | <0·001 | 3·2 (1·1) | 9·3 (1·0) | 6·1 (5·2–7·1) | <0·001 |
AM = adhesion molecule; CI = confidence interval; CSF = cerebrospinal fluid; MFI = median fluorescence intensity; MSneo = newly diagnosed MS patients; MS-NZB = NZB-treated MS patients; NIND = non-inflammatory neurological disease; NZB = natalizumab; PB = peripheral blood; s.d. = standard deviation.