Fig 5.

Recombinant Toxascaris leonine galectin (rTl-gal) treatment induced axonal dystrophy in spinal cords at chronic stage. Immunohistochemistry was performed with SMI-32 antibody against non-phosphorylated neurofilament-H (NF-H) in the spinal cords of mice treated with either vehicle or rTl-gal at the chronic (60–62 dpi) stage, respectively. Axonal damage of spinal cord was severe in both grey and white matter of rTl-gal-treated mice (e,f) compared to control mice (b,c). (a,d) Lower magnification view of spinal cord. Results are representative of more than three independent experiments. (g) Quantification of the NF-H-positive area shows that the rTl-gal-treated group had more NF-H intensity than the vehicle-treated group. Values represent the mean ± standard error of the mean (s.e.m.). Statistical difference of P < 0·05 (*) for rTl-gal-treated mice versus controls is indicated. Bars = 60 µm in (b–c) and (e–f) and 120 µm in (a–d).