Table 1.

Recommendation for clinical use of HT and Level of Evidence

	Recommendation for clinical use of HT	Level of Evidence *
Cardiac arrest	1. Therapeutic HT (32°C to 34°C) may be considered for children who remain comatose after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. 2. It is reasonable for adolescents resuscitated from sudden, witnessed, out-of-hospital VF cardiac arrest. 3. Monitor temperature continuously, if possible, and treat fever (38°C) aggressively with antipyretics and cooling devices because fever adversely influences recovery from ischemic brain injury.	Class IIb, LOE C Class IIa, LOE C Class IIa, LOE C
Status epilepticus	1. Case reports and animal data suggest HT may assist with refractory seizure termination. No current recommendation for clinical use.	Class IIb, LOE C
Traumatic brain injury	1. RCT data suggests a role for efficacy of HT decreasing intracranial pressure. 2. RCT data suggest not helpful, but a possible harmful role, of HT.	Class III, LOE A
CNS inflammation	1. European Federation of Neurologic Societies (EFNS) guidelines on the management of community-acquired bacterial meningitis in older children and adults briefly mention normothermia or moderate hypothermia as an adjunctive therapy77	Class III, LOE

^*Class I: Evidence or general agreement that a procedure or treatment is useful and effective.

Class II: Conflicting evidence or divergence of opinion exists.

Class IIa: Weight of evidence or opinion favors utility or efficacy.

Class IIb: Weight of evidence or opinion is less well established.

Class III: Evidence or general agreement that the procedure or treatment is either not useful or effective or in some cases may be harmful.

LOE A: Data derived from multiple randomized clinical trials

LOE B: Data derived from a single randomized clinical trial

LOE C: Consensus expert opinion