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. 2015 Jun 1;9:197. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00197

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Copyright © 2015 Casarrubea, Davies, Faulisi, Pierucci, Colangeli, Partridge, Chambers, Cassar, Valentino, Muscat, Benigno, Crescimanno and Di Giovanni.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution and reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Ethogram of rat behavior in the hole-board apparatus. Walking (Wa): the rat walks around sniffing the environment; Climbing (Cl): the rat maintains an erect posture leaning against the Plexiglas wall. Usually associated with sniffing; Immobility (Imm): the rat maintains a fixed posture. No movements are produced; Immobile Sniffing (IS): the rat sniffs the environment standing on the ground; Edge Sniff (ES): the rat sniffs the hole border without inserting the head inside; Head-Dip (HD): the rat puts its head into one of the four holes; Front Paw Licking (FPL): the rat licks or grooms its forepaws; Hind Paw Licking (HPL): the rat licks or grooms its hind paws; Face Grooming (FG): the rat rubs its face (ears, mouth, vibrissae, and eyes) with rapid circular movements of its forepaws; Body Grooming (BG): the rat licks its body combing the fur by fast movements of incisors; Rearing (Re): the rat maintains an erect posture without leaning against the Plexiglas box; usually associated with sniffing.