Table 1. Quantitative changes of NK- and T-cells in myelomagenesis.

	Peripheral blood		Bone marrow
	MGUS	MM	MGUS	MM
NK-cells
Total	↔21, 25, 26	↔ or ↑ in early disease;15, 22, 27 ↓ in late disease25	↑33	↑14, 33
T-cells
CD4(+)	↔26, 51 or ↓25, 46	↓46, 47, 48, 49, 51		↑33
CD8(+)	↔25, 46, 51 or ↑26	↑26, 47, 49, 60
CD4(+)/CD8(+)	↔46, 51 or ↓25, 26	↓26, 47, 48, 50, 51		↔33
Th1			↑33	↑33
Th1/Th2		↑51
Th17		↑51		↑50, 51
NKT-cells	↔70, 71	↔71, 72 or ↓70
γδ-T-cells	↔26	↔26, 77	↔26	↔26, 77
CD4(+) Tregs	↑89, 90	↑65, 89, 90, 91, 92		↔89, 91
CD8(+) Tregs		↑91, 95
DNTregs	↓90	↓90
Treg/Th17	↔98	↑98

Abbreviations: DNTreg, double-negative regulatory T-cell; MGUS, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance; MM, multiple myeloma; NK, natural killer; Th, T helper. ↑, ↓ and ↔ indicate increase, decrease or no changes, respectively, in absolute or relative numbers of corresponding immune cell subsets in the peripheral blood or bone marrow of MGUS or MM patients compared with normal healthy adults.

Blank cells indicate unavailable or insufficient data for the corresponding immune cell subsets upon review of the current literature.