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. 2015 Jun 2;15:44. doi: 10.1186/s12896-015-0145-9

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© Chin et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Illustrations of dhfr selection marker attenuation. (A) Nucleotide sequence of wild type (WT) and codon deoptimized (CDD) dhfr. Nucleotide changes are marked with * and new tandem codon pairs are underlined. (B) Vector map for vector sets with selection marker attenuation by destabilizing peptide, mutant IRES or codon deoptimization.