Table 5.
External validity analyses for smoking at baseline. Tabled values are means (S.D.).
| Most Protected (N = 2866) |
Ambivalent (N = 592) |
Risk Denial (N = 550) |
High Risk (N = 51) |
η 2 | Tukey HSD*
(harmonic means) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Family support | 13.40 (5.37) | 11.33 (5.35) | 12.92 (5.66) | 10.72 (5.79) | 0.020 | MP = RD > AM > HR |
| Processes of change for smoking prevention | ||||||
| Counter conditioning | 14.51 (1.53) | 12.95 (3.31) | 13.89 (2.53) | 13.00 (3.74) | 0.067 | MP > RD = HR = AM |
| Consciousness raising | 13.48 (2.30) | 11.74 (3.46) | 13.10 (2.92) | 12.38 (3.34) | 0.049 | MP = RD > HR = AM |
| Dramatic relief | 13.25 (2.60) | 11.23 (3.74) | 12.77 (3.06) | 12.44 (3.61) | 0.053 | MP = RD = HR > AM |
| Environmental reevaluation | 13.16 (2.37) | 11.28 (3.54) | 12.78 (2.96) | 13.13 (3.28) | 0.053 | MP = RD = HR > AM |
| Helping relationships | 12.94 (2.73) | 11.24 (3.67) | 12.56 (3.22) | 12.69 (2.73) | 0.035 | MP = RD = HR > AM |
| Refusal assertiveness | 13.62 (2.13) | 11.94 (3.46) | 13.21 (2.87) | 13.06 (3.51) | 0.049 | MP > RD = HR > AM |
| Reinforcement management | 12.15 (3.55) | 10.47 (4.15) | 11.99 (3.76) | 12.13 (3.56) | 0.023 | MP = RD = HR > AM |
| Stimulus control | 13.75 (2.19) | 11.70 (3.76) | 13.26 (2.98) | 12.90 (3.36) | 0.066 | MP = RD = HR > AM |
| Self-liberation | 13.93 (2.09) | 11.91 (3.72) | 13.56 (2.80) | 13.38 (3.26) | 0.069 | MP = RD = HR > AM |
| Social liberation | 13.52 (2.26) | 12.05 (3.34) | 13.24 (2.88) | 13.25 (3.34) | 0.036 | MP = RD = HR > AM |
| Self-reevaluation | 14.26 (1.88) | 12.34 (3.67) | 13.87 (2.63) | 13.50 (3.54) | 0.071 | MP > RD = HR > AM |
For all comparisons, overall F was significant, p < 0.001.
MP = Most Protected; AM = Ambivalent; RD = Risk Denial; HR = High Risk.
*
Homogenous subsets using a harmonic mean sample size = 170.47.