Table 2.
COPRA labor and delivery outcomes (N = 48)
| Variable | Inpatient N = 15 (%) | Outpatient N = 33 (%) | Risk difference (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rupture of Membranes | |||
| Spontaneous | 0 | 4 (12.1)a | - |
| Artificial Rupture of Membranes | 15 (100) | 30 (90.9)b | |
| Oxytocin Infusion | 14 (93.3) | 23 (69.7) | −23.6 % (−43.8 to −3.5) |
| Reason for oxytocin infusion | |||
| Induction oflabor | 8 (57.1) | 14 (60.9) | |
| Augmentation | 6 (42.8) | 9 (39.1) | |
| Duration of oxytocin infusion | 5 h 9 mins | 7 h 47 mins | |
| Mean (SDminutes) | (3 h 51 mins) | (4 h 59 mins) | |
| PGE2 given in addition to catheter (ie not ARMable after removal, 1 dose only) | 2 (13.3) | 4 (12.1) | |
| Method of delivery | |||
| Spontaneous vaginal | 7 (46.7) | 16 (48.5) | Overall LSCS rate 22.9 % |
| Instrumental | 3 (20.0) | 11 (33.3) | −15.1 % (−42.4 to 12.1) |
| Caesarean section | 5 (33.3) | 6 (18.2) | c/s |
| Indications for caesarean section | (n = 5) | (n = 6) | - |
| Fetal distress | 1 (20.0) | - | |
| Lack of progress | 3 (60.0) | 6 (100.0) | |
| Other (malpresentation, etc.) | 1 (20.0) | - | |
| Mean (SD) length of active labor, vaginal births | (n = 10) 8 h 0 mins (6 h 54 min) | (n = 27) 7 h 34 min (4 h 14 min) | |
| Vaginal delivery within 24 h of priming catheter? | 4 (26.7) | 11 (33.3) | - |
| Mean (SD) time catheter inserted to active labour (vaginal delivery) | 19 h 49 mins (3 h 3 mins) | 17 h 28 mins (3 h 54 mins) | |
| Mean (SD) time catheter inserted to ARM | 17 h 39 mins (5 h 6 mins) | 17 h 37 mins (3 h 38 mins) | |
| Mean (SD) time catheter inserted to vaginal deliveryc | 29 h 01 mins (8 h 5 mins) | 24 h 51 mins (5 h 32 mins) | |
| Mean (SD) hours hospital admission to deliveryc | 21 h 27 mins (5 h 18 mins) | 14 h 15 mins (7 h 20 mins) | |
| Labor analgesiaepidurald | 11 (73.3) | 23 (69.7) | - |
| Labor complicationse | |||
| Meconium-stained liquor | 1 (6.7) | 4 (12.1) | |
| PPH >500 ml (vaginal births) or 1 L c/s | 2 (13.3) | 6 (18.1) | |
| Pyrexia during labor | 0 - | 1 (3.0) | |
| Hyperstimulation | 1 | 1f | |
| Failed primings | - | -g | |
aAll cases of spontaneous rupture of membranes occurred in hospital
b n = 1 case of spontaneous rupture of membranes, followed by ARM
cExcludes n = 1 outpatient case whose management changed & delivered spont 5 days after catheter removal
dIncludes n = 2 (1 in each group of spinal anaesthesia)
eWomen may have more than one labor complication. PPH, post-partum hemorrhage
fWoman also received PGE2 priming gels
g n = 1 change of management; women 39+3 had catheter for 12 h, high head, IOL abandoned, NVD 5 days later