Fig 5.

Effects of age on GM geometry during adolescence at induced footplate angles corresponding to neutral (0 Nm) and 6 Nm dorsal flexion. A linear regression line is plotted, if a significant age effect is present, otherwise there was no regression line present. (a) Muscle belly length (ℓm), (b) tendon length (ℓt), (c) fascicle length [ℓ(fasc)], (d) fascicle angle with the aponeurosis [γ(fasc)], (e) aponeurosis length (ℓa), and (f) length component of physiological cross-sectional area (ℓAf). General estimated equations (GEE) indicated that all variables [except for ℓt and ℓ(fasc)] changed significantly with age. Correlation coefficients r with age are shown for geometry variables at both 0 and 6 Nm dorsal flexion.