Table 1.
Characteristics of AIS patients who received IV tPA according to whether they died in the hospital
| Variable | Overall (n = 7193) | Died (n = 516) | Survived (n = 6677) | P value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), median (range) | 71 (18–103) | 81 (28–100) | 70 (18–103) | <0·0001 |
| Age group, n (%) | ||||
| <55 years | 1362 (18·9) | 36 (7·0) | 1326 (19·9) | <0·0001 |
| 55–64 years | 1348 (18·7) | 56 (10·9) | 1292 (19·4) | |
| 65–74 years | 1465 (20·4) | 86 (16·7) | 1379 (20·7) | |
| 75–79 years | 821 (11·4) | 63 (12·2) | 758 (11·4) | |
| 80+ years | 2197 (30·5) | 275 (53·3) | 1922 (28·8) | |
| Male, n (%) | 3563 (49·5) | 240 (46·5) | 3323 (49·8) | 0·16 |
| Race-ethnicity, n (%) | ||||
| White | 5273 (73·3) | 403 (78·1) | 4870 (72·9) | 0·03 |
| Black | 1462 (20·3) | 83 (16·1) | 1379 (20·7) | |
| Other | 458 (6·4) | 30 (5·8) | 428 (6·4) | |
| Time from LKW to IV tPA ≤ 3 h, n (%) | 5904 (82·1) | 432 (83·7) | 5472 (82·0) | 0·34 |
| NIHSS score, median (range) | 11 (0–42) | 19 (0–41) | 10 (0–42) | <0·0001 |
| Medical history, n (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 5757 (80·0) | 460 (89·1) | 5297 (79·3) | 0·0001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 3020 (42·0) | 217 (42·1) | 2803 (42·0) | 1·00 |
| MI or CAD | 1880 (26·1) | 186 (36·0) | 1694 (25·4) | <0·0001 |
| Heart failure | 751 (10·4) | 90 (17·4) | 661 (9·9) | <0·0001 |
| Diabetes | 1793 (24·9) | 142 (27·5) | 1651 (24·7) | 0·17 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1489 (20·7) | 187 (36·2) | 1302 (19·5) | <0·0001 |
| Prior stroke | 1251 (17·4) | 98 (19·0) | 1153 (17·3) | 0·33 |
| Smoker, n (%) | 1537 (21·4) | 63 (12·2) | 1474 (22·1) | <0·0001 |
| Length of stay (days), median (range) | 4 (0–381) | 4 (0–91) | 4 (0–381) | 0·36 |
| Hospital bed size, n (%)† | ||||
| ≤300 | 1321 (20·1) | 96 (20·3) | 1225 (20·1) | 0·97 |
| 301–500 | 1813 (27·6) | 133 (28·1) | 1680 (27·6) | |
| >500 | 3429 (52·2) | 245 (51·7) | 3184 (52·3) | |
| Stroke unit, n (%)† | 5927 (90·3) | 422 (89·0) | 5505 (90·4) | 0·97 |
| Teaching hospital, n (%)† | 4879 (74·3) | 363 (76·6) | 4516 (74·2) | 0·25 |
*
Unadjusted.
†
Information missing for 34 hospitals.
AIS, acute ischemic stroke; IV tPA, intravenous tissue plasminogen activator; LKW, time last known to be well; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; MI, myocardial infarction; CAD, coronary artery disease.