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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jul 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Neuroimmunol. 2015 May 13;284:57–66. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.05.008

Figure 2. Modulation of cytokine/chemokine expression in the rat inferior colliculus following 3-chloropropanediol administration.

Figure 2

The MILLIPLEX immunoassay showed (A–D) increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-13, and MCP-1. (A) TNF-α expression peaked at 2 days and slowly returned towards control levels over the next 12 days. (B) IL-6 expression was markedly increased at 1 day post 3-chloropropanediol administration, and continued to increase at day 2, before returning to control levels at 8 and 14 days. (C) IL-13 expression slightly decreased at 1 day post treatment, but dramatically increased and peaked at day 2. (D) MCP-1 expression peaked at 2 days post 3-chloropropanediol administration, before returning to control values over the next 4 to 14 days. Anti-inflammatory cytokines (E) IL-4 and (F) IL-10 both initially decreased, with expression lowest at 4 days post 3-chloropropanediol treatment. (F) IL-10 returned to and above control levels at days 8 and 14. Values are expressed as percent change in expression compared to control values and are represented as mean ± s.e.m. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 compared to control groups. Each column n = 4–6 rats.