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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jul 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Neuroimmunol. 2015 May 13;284:57–66. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.05.008

Figure 3. Pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 and chemokine MCP-1, induce loss of paracellular claudin-5 expression in bEnd.3 cells.

Figure 3

Immunofluorescence studies showed (A,E,I, arrows) sharply defined claudin-5 expression at cell margins in control bEnd.3 cells. (B–D) Treatment with TNF-α (0.1, 1.0, 10 ng/ml) induced a dose-dependent loss of claudin-5 expression at cell margins (asterisks) after 1 day of exposure. Treatment with (F–H) IL-6 and (J–L) MCP-1 also induced loss of paracellular claudin-5 expression (asterisks) at all doses (0.1, 1.0, 10 ng/ml) after 1 day of exposure. Scale bar = 25 μm (refers to A–L).