Table 3. Characteristics of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, by treatment outcome, Georgia, March 2009–October 2012*.
| Characteristic | Poor outcome, n = 61 | Favorable outcome, n = 79 | p value† |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acquired resistance to any second-line drug | 17 (28) | 2 (3) | <0.01 |
| Median age, y | 39.7 | 33.7 | 0.21 |
| Male sex | 49 (80) | 53 (67) | 0.08 |
| History of imprisonment | 21 (34) | 19 (24) | 0.18 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 6 (10) | 10 (13) | 0.60 |
| Hepatitis C | 9 (15) | 7 (9) | 0.28 |
| HIV | 3 (5) | 3 (4) | 0.75 |
| BMI ≤18.5 kg/m2 | 14 (23) | 21 (27) | 0.63 |
| History of TB | 29 (48) | 33 (42) | 0.50 |
| Prior TB treatment | 0.77 | ||
| None | 32 (53) | 46 (58) | NA |
| First-line | 24 (39) | 28 (35) | NA |
| Second-line | 5 (8) | 5 (6) | NA |
| Baseline cavitary disease | 17 (28) | 13 (17) | 0.11 |
| Median no. drugs to which baseline isolate was resistant | 6 | 5 | 0.18 |
| Resistant to ≥6 drugs on baseline DST | 32 (53) | 28 (35) | 0.04 |
| Baseline ofloxacin resistant | 6 (10) | 3 (4) | 0.15 |
| Baseline capreomycin kanamycin resistant | 24 (39) | 23 (29) | 0.20 |
| Starting SLDs >30 days | 28 (46) | 38 (48) | 0.80 |
| Initial MDR TB treatment regimen included | |||
| Capreomycin | 25 (41) | 40 (51) | 0.26 |
| Kanamycin | 35 (57) | 46 (58) | 0.92 |
| Ever received | |||
| Moxifloxacin | 11 (18) | 9 (12) | 0.27 |
| Clarithromycin | 3 (5) | 2 (3) | 0.45 |
| Augmentin | 3 (5) | 2 (3) | 0.45 |
| Clofazimine | 3 (5) | 3 (4) | 0.75 |
| Treatment interruption | 29 (48) | 27 (34) | 0.11 |
| Adjunctive surgery performed | 3 (5) | 4 (5) | 0.97 |
| Baseline sputum AFB smear value >3+ | 23 (38) | 23 (29) | 0.28 |
| Sputum culture positive, mo‡ | |||
| 2 | 58 (95) | 62 (79) | <0.01 |
| 4 | 44 (72) | 36 (46) | <0.01 |
| 6 | 34 (56) | 14 (18) | <0.01 |
| Sputum smear positive, mo‡ | |||
| 2 | 53 (87) | 61 (77) | 0.14 |
| 4 | 42 (69) | 35 (44) | <0.01 |
| 6 | 28 (46) | 11 (14) | <0.01 |
*BMI, body mass index; TB, tuberculosis; NA, not applicable; DST, drug susceptibility testing; SLDs, second-line drugs; MDR, multidrug resistant; AFB, acid-fast bacilli. †Comparing persons with and without acquired resistance by using χ2 or Fischer exact tests for categorical variables and t-test or median test for continuous variables. ‡Time from initiation of second-line drug treatment for MDR TB.