Table 1.
miRNAs involved in chemoresistance
| Pathway | microRNA | Target gene | Effect on chemoresistance | Cancer type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| APOPTOSIS | miR-125b | p53 Bak | Resistance to doxorubicin, vincristin, etoposide, mafosfamide | Ewing sarcoma/pri itive neuroectodermal tumor | [24] |
| miR-34a | SIRT1 | Sensitivity to camptothecin | Prostate cancer | [27] | |
| miR-128-2 | E2F5 | Resistance to cisplatin, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracile | Lung cancer | [39] | |
| miR-223 | STMN-1 | Sensitivity to cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil | Breast cancer, colon cancer | [40] | |
| miR-21, miR-221, miR-214 | PTEN | Resistance to gemcitabine, cisplatin, gefitinib | Malignant human cholangiocytes, gastric cancer osteosarcoma, ovarian cancer, lung cancer | [42–48] | |
| DNA REPAIR | miR-155, miR-21 | MSH2, MSH6 | Resistance to 5‒fluorouracil | Colorectal cancer | [16, 17] |
| miR-138 | H2AX | Sensitivity to cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil | Osteosarcoma | [18] | |
| miR-18a | ATM | Sensitivity to etoposide | Colorectal cancer | [19] | |
| miR-182 | BRAC1 | Sensitivity to PARP1 inhibitor | Breast cancer | [21] | |
| MDR | miR-298, miR-27a, miR‒331‒5p | P-gp | Sensitivity to doxorubicin | Breast cancer, leukaemia | [66, 69] |
| miR-19a/b, | PTEN | Resistance to cisplatin, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil | Gastric cancer | [67] | |
| miR-451 | - | Resistance to vinblastin | Ovarian cancer | [68] | |
| miR-326 | MRP1 | Sensitivity to VP-16 | Breast cancer | [70] | |
| miR-520 h, miR-519c, miR‒328 | BCRP | Sensitivity to mitoxantrone | Hematopoietic stem cell, lung cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer | [71–73] | |
| DRUG METABOLISM | miR-27b | CYP1B1 | Induction | Breast cancer | [74] |
| miR-148a | CYP34A | Induction | Liver cancer | [75] |