Table 2. Bivariate associations between participant characteristics and mental disorders (N = 2,770 for all comparisons).
| Any MD | Anxiety | Mood | Alcoholism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chi 2 / F value | Chi 2 / F value | Chi 2 / F value | Chi 2 / F value | |
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, years (younger) | 0.60 | 0.29 | 0.06 | 4.4* |
| Education, years (lower) a | 13.01 ‡ | 24.43 ‡ | 3.89* | 8.9 † |
| Gender (female) b | 2.93 | 20.48*** | 0.46 | 38.44 ‡ |
| Marriage (unmarried) | 0.64 | 0.01 | 8.92 † | 0.06 |
| Region (developing) | 15.04 ‡ | 13.90 ‡ | 4.95* | 0.61 |
| Migrant (yes) | 16.22 ‡ | 18.46 ‡ | 8.64 † | 4.03* |
| Urban/rural (rural) | 7.80 † | 10.56 † | 3.69 | 3.56 |
| Physical health | ||||
| Overall health (poor) | 38.05 ‡ | 45.03 ‡ | 9.66 † | 1.23 |
| Type II diabetes (yes) | 2.59 | 0.40 | 2.52 | 0.01 |
| Hypertension (yes) | 0.06 | 0.60 | 0.57 | 1.30 |
| Any physical pains (yes) | 57.71 ‡ | 66.54 ‡ | 3.04 | 0.21 |
| Religious involvement | ||||
| Religious affiliation (yes) | 31.89 ‡ | 38.52 ‡ | 0.02 | 1.00 |
| Religion participation (frequent) | 21.09 ‡ | 20.89 ‡ | 1.61 | 1.01 |
| Importance of religion (very) c | 26.74 ‡ | 31.16 ‡ | 0.97 | 3.84* |
| High religiosity (yes) | 16.78 ‡ | 12.19 ‡ | 2.82 | 0.14 |
() characteristic associated with higher risk of mental disorder.
a alcohol use disorder is more common in those with higher education.
b alcohol use disorder is more common in male.
c alcohol use disorder is more frequent among those with less importance.
Any MD: any mental disorder.
*: P<0.05
†: P<0.01
‡: P<0.001.