Table 5.
Estimates for specific intervention comparisons with different estimation methods
| Method | Intervention
|
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Physical activity (95% CI) | Energy intake (95% CI) | ||
| Ψ1 | NAÏVE | −0.134 (−0.429, 0.100) | −0.056 (−0.254, 0.212) |
| MTLR | −0.010 (−0.122, 0.103) | −0.099 (−0.166, −0.027) | |
| SL | 0.0001 (−0.115, 0.086) | −0.055 (−0.167, −0.047)* | |
| TMLE | 0.057 (−0.520, 0.634) | −0.026 (−0.458, 0.406) | |
| Ψ2 | NAÏVE | −0.002 (0.617, 0.497) | 0.161 (−0.471, 0.237) |
| MTLR | −0.206 (−0.382, −0.032)* | −0.148 (−0.298, 0.019) | |
| SL | −0.106 (−0.345, 0.043) | −0.085 (−0.306, −0.018)* | |
| TMLE | −0.044 (−0.304, 0.216) | −0.005 (−0.227, 0.217) | |
| Ψ3 | NAÏVE | 0.125 (−0.481, 0.582) | −0.103 (−0.628, 0.163) |
| MTLR | −0.239 (−0.436, −0.057) | −0.032 (−0.206, 0.145) | |
| SL | −0.131 (−0.363, −0.064)* | −0.0261 (−0.200, 0.100) | |
| TMLE | −0.114 (−0.330, 0.103) | 0.089 (−0.157, 0.335) | |
| Ψ4 | NAÏVE | −0.007 (−0.226, 0.149) | 0.002 (−0.426, 0.174) |
| MTLR | −0.437 (−0.110, 0.022) | 0.017 (−0.087, 0.114) | |
| SL | −0.025 (−0.093, 0.020) | 0.004 (−0.080, 0.095) | |
| TMLE | −0.012 (−0.620, 0.596) | 0.068 (−0.354, 0.491) | |
| Ψ5 | NAÏVE | −0.348 (−0.646, −0.095)* | −0.056 (−0.325, 0.307) |
| MTLR | −0.114 (−0.312, 0.083) | −0.228 (−0.388, −0.065)* | |
| SL | −0.059 (−0.271, 0.076) | −0.123 (−0.400, −0.108)* | |
| TMLE | 0.049 (−0.170, 0.269) | −0.192 (−0.374, −0.010)* | |
Notes: Naïve corresponds to an unadjusted comparison under different interventions. MTLR corresponds to main effects multivariable linear regression. SL corresponds to a simple substitution estimator based on SL. TMLE corresponds to targeted maximum-likelihood estimates. Values are differences in BMI z-scores, and
*
indicates statistically significant association.