Table 1.
Characteristics of BACH-3 analytic sample (N = 3155), overall and by fasting glucose/diabetes status.
|
Total N = 3155 |
Fasting glucose/diabetes status | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unaffected N = 641 (27.7%) |
Prediabetes***
N = 1533 (64.6%) |
Prediabetes or insulin resistant N = 1627 (69.2%)*** |
Insulin resistance HOMA model* N = 2359 Mean (SE) = 1.9 (1.0) |
||
| Age, y mean SE | 54.0 (0.5) | 50.8 (0.8) | 53.7 (0.6) | 53.5 (0.6) | 0.05 |
| Gender, % | |||||
| Male | 1184 (46.5%) | 241 (47.8%) | 559 (43.9%) | 599 (44.5%) | 2.04 (1.05) |
| Female | 1971 (53.5%) | 399 (52.2%) | 973 (56.1%) | 1028 (55.5%) | 1.73 (1.05) |
| BMI, mean SE | 29.5 (0.2) | 27.6 (0.3) | 29.3 (0.3) | 29.4 (0.3%) | 0.41 |
| Waist circumference, cm mean SE | 97.0 (0.5) | 91.9 (1.0) | 95.8 (0.7) | 96.2 (0.6%) | 0.45 |
| Education | |||||
| <HS | 618 (7.9%) | 76 (3.4%) | 246 (7.2%) | 259 (7.0%) | 2.24 (1.09) |
| HS or GED | 948 (24.4%) | 173 (21%) | 454 (23.1%) | 483 (23.1%) | 2.24 (1.06) |
| Some college | 671 (20.5%) | 139 (18.2%) | 332 (21%) | 354 (21.2%) | 2.06 (1.07) |
| College or advanced | 916 (47.1%) | 251 (57.4%) | 499 (48.7%) | 531 (48.8%) | 1.60 (1.05) |
| Income | |||||
| <$20,000 | 1338 (27.0%) | 204 (19.1%) | 577 (23.8%) | 615 (24.5%) | 2.43 (1.07) |
| $20,000–$49,999 | 914 (25.1%) | 181 (21.2%) | 472 (27.1%) | 498 (26.7%) | 1.97 (1.05) |
| >$50,000 | 902 (48.0%) | 93 (59.7%) | 482 (49.2%) | 514 (48.8%) | 1.68 (1.07) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||
| Black | 1026 (27.1%) | 140 (13.8%) | 504 (29.1%) | 531 (28.6%) | 2.30 (1.06) |
| Hispanic | 1036 (12.2%) | 195 (11.6%) | 475 (12.5%) | 507 (12.7%) | 1.96 (1.08) |
| White | 1093 (60.7%) | 305 (74.6%) | 553 (58.4%) | 589 (58.7%) | 1.69 (1.05) |
| Physical activity | |||||
| Low | 1244 (32.2%) | 185 (25%) | 546 (30.7%) | 580 (30.8%) | 2.14 (1.06) |
| Medium | 1492 (51.2%) | 346 (57%) | 768 (52.3%) | 812 (51.9%) | 1.75 (1.05) |
| High | 417 (16.6%) | 109 (18%) | 218 (17%) | 235 (17.3%) | 1.75 (1.08) |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Never | 1386 (45.2%) | 295 (48.5%) | 685 (46.3%) | 727 (46.3%) | 1.83 (1.05) |
| Former | 1160 (36.2%) | 231 (35.6%) | 541 (35%) | 573 (34.8%) | 1.85 (1.05) |
| Current | 608 (18.6%) | 113 (15.9%) | 306 (18.7%) | 327 (18.9%) | 2.03 (1.09) |
| Total Diet Quality score** | 0.67 [0.02, 1.42] | 0.68 [0.03, 1.43] | 0.69 [0.03, 1.43] | 0.69 [0.04, 1.43] | −0.02 |
| Sleep duration | |||||
| <6.5 HR | 1477 (41.9%) | 238 (32.7%) | 706 (41.4%) | 740 (40.6%) | 2.08 (1.05) |
| 6.5–<8.0 HR | 881 (32.4%) | 221 (41%) | 443 (31.5%) | 473 (31.7%) | 1.61 (1.06) |
| ≥8.0 HR | 795 (25.7%) | 181 (26.3%) | 383 (27.2%) | 414 (27.7%) | 1.89 (1.06) |
| HOMA-IR* | 1.86 (1.05) | 1.27 (1.05) | 1.86 (1.04) | 2.68 (0.12) | NA |
| Family history of diabetes | 1686 (46.5%) | 276 (36.8%) | 751 (45.7%) | 792 (45.2) | 2.09 (1.05) |
∗Geometric means are presented for categorical variables and weighted Pearson's correlations are presented for continuous variables. Insulin resistance was collected on subjects with fasting glucose.
**Median [interquartile range] presented for skewed predictors.
***Conducted among N = 2175 nondiabetic subjects.