Table 3. Association between in-hospital mortality and clinically diagnosed anxiety and depression among breast cancer cases, Nationwide inpatient sample, 2006–2009 + .
| Variable, n (%) | Deaths | Cases | Unadjusted | Adjusted | Additionally Adjusted | Fully Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 1,146) | (64,425) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) 1 | OR (95% CI) 2 | OR (95% CI) 3 | |
| Diagnosed Depression | ||||||
| No | 1,084 (95) | 59,375 (92) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 62 (5) | 4,937 (8) | 0.69 (0.52–0.89) | 0.74 (0.55–0.98)** | 0.76 (0.57–1.01) | 0.68 (0.51–0.91)* |
| Diagnosed Anxiety | ||||||
| No | 1,098 (96) | 61,731 (96) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 48 (4) | 2,581 (4) | 1.05 (0.78–1.40) | 1.08 (0.78–1.50) | 1.09 (0.78–1.52) | 0.97 (0.69–1.37) |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||||
| White | 617 (54) | 37,186 (58) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Black | 168 (15) | 6,208 (10) | 1.65 (1.39–1.96) | 1.42 (1.19–1.69)* | 1.32 (1.09–1.60)* | 1.07 (0.88–1.32) |
| Hispanic | 86 (8) | 3,902 (6) | 1.33 (1.06–1.68) | 1.29 (1.02–1.62)* | 1.14 (0.89–1.45) | 1.15 (0.89–1.48) |
| Other | 50 (4) | 3,386 (5) | 0.89 (0.66–1.19) | 0.92 (0.68–1.23) | 0.92 (0.67–1.24) | 0.87 (0.64–1.21) |
| Stage at Diagnosis | ||||||
| In-Situ | 3 (0.3) | 8,173 (13) | 0.08 (0.02–0.24) | 0.10 (0.03–0.32)*** | 0.11 (0.03–0.34)*** | 0.07 (0.02–0.31)*** |
| Non-Metastatic | 168 (15) | 36,319 (56) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Metastatic | 975 (85) | 19,820 (31) | 11.13 (9.44–13.12) | 11.11 (9.23–13.37)*** | 11.16 (9.23–13.49)*** | 9.65 (7.96–11.70)*** |
| Residential Income | ||||||
| Q1-Lowest | 322 (28) | 14,304 (23) | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Q2 | 313 (27) | 14,880 (24) | 0.93 (0.70–1.09) | 1.01 (0.85–1.23) | 1.01 (0.84–1.24) | |
| Q3 | 264 (23) | 15,131 (24) | 0.77 (0.65–0.91) | 1.02 (0.84–1.25) | 1.05 (0.85–1.28) | |
| Q4-Highest | 220 (19) | 18,539 (30) | 0.52 (0.44–0.62) | 0.78 (0.63–0.97)** | 0.79 (0.63–0.98)** | |
| Insurance Type | ||||||
| Private | 481 (42) | 31,288 (49) | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Medicare | 374 (33) | 24,424 (38) | 0.99 (0.86–1.14) | 0.58 (0.47–0.72)*** | 0.54 (0.44–0.66)*** | |
| Medicaid | 134 (12) | 5,444 (8) | 1.61 (1.33–1.96) | 1.02 (0.81–1.29) | 0.77 (0.60–0.98)* | |
| Other | 157 (14) | 3,156 (5) | 3.35 (2.79–4.03) | 2.06 (1.65–2.59)*** | 1.86 (1.47–2.35)*** | |
| Residential Region | ||||||
| Large metro | 428 (37) | 27,606 (43) | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Small metro | 208 (18) | 11,953 (19) | 1.13 (0.95–1.33) | 1.06 (0.87–1.29) | 1.12 (0.91–1.37) | |
| Micropolitan | 104 (9) | 4,754 (7) | 1.42 (1.14–1.76) | 1.32 (1.01–1.74) | 1.44 (1.09–1.89)** | |
| Not metro or micro | 79 (7) | 3,209 (5) | 1.60 (1.26–2.04) | 1.62 (1.20–2.19)* | 1.79 (1.32–2.43)** | |
1Adjusted for age at admission, race/ethnicity and stage
2Adjusted for age at admission, race/ethnicity, stage, residential income, region, insurance
3Adjusted for age at admission, race/ethnicity, stage, residential income, region, insurance, LOS, COM
*** p-value <0.001;
** p-value <0.01,
* p-value <0.05
+Cell values may not add up to total due to missing data. There were a total of 13,743 cases with missing information on race/ethnicity; 113 cases with missing information on depression, anxiety and stage at diagnosis, insurance, and region; and 1571 cases with missing data on residential income