Table 2. Risk for epithelial ovarian cancer overall and histological types according to ever use of statins and stratified by duration and intensity of use.
|
Epithelial OC |
Serous OC |
Endometrioid OC |
Mucinous OC |
Clear cell OC |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Statin use | Cases | Controls | Adjusted ORa (95% CI) | Cases | Controls | Adjusted ORa (95% CI) | Cases | Controls | Adjusted ORa (95% CI) | Cases | Controls | Adjusted ORa (95% CI) | Cases | Controls | Adjusted ORa (95% CI) |
| Non-use | 3669 | 52 261 | 1.00 (reference) | 2411 | 34 513 | 1.00 (reference) | 593 | 8306 | 1.00 (reference) | 434 | 6023 | 1.00 (reference) | 231 | 3419 | 1.00 (reference) |
| Ever use | 434 | 6445 | 0.98 (0.87–1.10) | 320 | 4559 | 1.03 (0.90–1.19) | 57 | 998 | 0.80 (0.58–1.10) | 25 | 545 | 0.63 (0.39–1.00) | 32 | 343 | 1.48 (0.92–2.38) |
|
Duration | |||||||||||||||
| <5 years | 310 | 4683 | 0.96 (0.84–1.10) | 227 | 3307 | 1.01 (0.87–1.18) | 45 | 708 | 0.88 (0.62–1.24) | 17 | 415 | 0.57 (0.33–0.96) | 21 | 253 | 1.32 (0.77–2.24) |
| ⩾5 years | 124 | 1764 | 1.04 (0.85–1.27) | 93 | 1252 | 1.11 (0.88–1.40) | 12 | 290 | 0.57 (0.31–1.07) | 8 | 130 | 0.85 (0.39–1.83) | 11 | 90 | 2.05 (0.98–4.29) |
|
Intensityb | |||||||||||||||
| Low | 162 | 2108 | 1.11 (0.93–1.32) | 117 | 1494 | 1.15 (0.94–1.41) | 20 | 310 | 0.89 (0.54–1.45) | 11 | 179 | 0.83 (0.43–1.58) | 14 | 125 | 1.76 (0.93–3.33) |
| Medium | 130 | 2209 | 0.86 (0.71–1.04) | 88 | 1567 | 0.82 (0.65–1.03) | 24 | 345 | 0.98 (0.62–1.54) | 11 | 188 | 0.81 (0.42–1.56) | 7 | 109 | 1.01 (0.44–2.32) |
| High | 142 | 2128 | 0.98 (0.81–1.17) | 115 | 1498 | 1.13 (0.92–1.39) | 13 | 343 | 0.54 (0.30–0.96) | 3 | 178 | 0.23 (0.07–0.74) | 11 | 109 | 1.62 (0.80–3.26) |
|
Short-term usec | |||||||||||||||
| Low | 119 | 1515 | 1.14 (0.93–1.38) | 82 | 1062 | 1.14 (0.93–1.38) | NAd | NAd | NAd | ||||||
| Medium | 91 | 1598 | 0.83 (0.66–1.03) | 60 | 1139 | 0.83 (0.66–1.03) | NAd | NAd | NAd | ||||||
| High | 100 | 1570 | 0.93 (0.75–1.15) | 85 | 1106 | 0.93 (0.75–1.15) | NAd | NAd | NAd | ||||||
| P trend | 0.22 | 0.98 | NAd |
NAd |
NAd |
||||||||||
|
Long-term usec | |||||||||||||||
| Low | 43 | 593 | 1.05 (0.76–1.45) | 35 | 432 | 1.05 (0.76–1.45) | NAd | NAd | NAd | ||||||
| Medium | 39 | 611 | 0.95 (0.68–1.33) | 28 | 428 | 0.95 (0.68–1.33) | NAd | NAd | NAd | ||||||
| High | 42 | 558 | 1.12 (0.81–1.54) | 30 | 392 | 1.12 (0.81–1.54) | NAd | NAd | NAd | ||||||
| P trend | 0.68 | 0.78 | NAd | NAd | NAd | ||||||||||
Abbreviations: OC=ovarian cancer; OR=odds ratio; CI=confidence interval; NA=not available. Italics are used to indicate P-values.
Adjusted for age (by matching), parity (0, 1, 2, ⩾3), use of oral contraceptives (ever/never), use of hormonal replacement therapy (ever/never), hysterectomy (ever/never), infertility (ever/never), endometriosis (ever/never), diabetes mellitus (ever/never), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/asthma (ever/never), tubal sterilisation (ever/never), education (basic, higher, vocational, unknown), income (low, medium, high), use of paracetamol (ever/never) and use of low-dose aspirin (ever/never).
Intensity of use was defined as the cumulative number of defined daily doses (DDDs) divided by the duration of use in days and classified into approximate tertiles among controls into low, medium or high intensity. The cut-off values for low-, medium- and high-intensity statin use were 0.59 and 1.01 DDD.
Short-term defined as <5 years; long-term defined as ⩾5 years.
Analysis not possible due to limited number of cases.