Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study population.
|
Men (n=3437) |
Women (n=2742) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Controls (n=1974) | Patients (n=1463) | Controls (n=2396) | Patients (n=346) | |
| Mean age in years (sd) | 61.8 (15.9) | 62.9 (9.3) | 56.5 (16.5) | 61.3 (10.6) |
|
Highest education | ||||
| Primary | 122 (6.2) | 213 (14.6) | 184 (7.7) | 70 (20.2) |
| Lower vocational secondary | 305 (15.5) | 363 (24.8) | 307 (12.9) | 82 (23.7) |
| Intermediate general secondary | 246 (12.5) | 202 (13.8) | 432 (18.1) | 87 (25.1) |
| Intermediate vocational secondary | 296 (15.1) | 219 (15.0) | 277 (11.6) | 36 (10.4) |
| Higher general secondary | 186 (9.5) | 84 (5.7) | 276 (11.6) | 13 (3.8) |
| Higher vocational secondary | 379 (19.3) | 219 (15.0) | 580 (24.3) | 39 (11.3) |
| University | 428 (21.8) | 113 (7.7) | 331 (13.9) | 5 (1.4) |
| Other | 3 (0.2) | 49 (3.4) | 1 (0.0) | 14 (4.0) |
|
Smoking status | ||||
| Never | 483 (24.5) | 120 (8.2) | 1034 (43.3) | 88 (25.4) |
| Former | 1170 (59.3) | 860 (58.8) | 996 (41.7) | 131 (37.9) |
| Current | 319 (16.2) | 482 (33.0) | 358 (15.0) | 127 (36.7) |
| Mean pack-years cigarettes (sd) | 19.1 (17.1) | 27.0 (19.2) | 14.1 (15.2) | 22.5 (16.0) |
|
NSAIDS | ||||
| Aspirin | 474 (24.0) | 524 (35.8) | 462 (19.3) | 126 (36.4) |
| Ibuprofen/brufen | 232 (11.8) | 239 (16.3) | 503 (21.0) | 73 (21.1) |
|
Tumour stage | ||||
| NMIBC (Ta, T1, CIS) | — | 1220 (83.4) | — | 260 (75.1) |
| MIBC (⩾T2) | — | 183 (12.5) | — | 70 (20.2) |
| Missing | — | 60 (4.1) | — | 16 (4.6) |
|
Tumour histologya | ||||
| Urothelial carcinoma | — | 1440 (98.4) | — | 327 (94.5) |
| Squamous cell carcinoma | — | 4 (0.3) | — | 11 (3.2) |
| Adenocarcinoma | — | 5 (0.3) | — | 6 (1.7) |
| Other | — | 14 (1.0) | — | 2 (0.6) |
Abbreviations: NSAIDS=non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; NMIBC=non-muscle invasive bladder cancer; MIBC=muscle invasive bladder cancer; sd=standard deviation.
a
predominant histology according to the 1995 to 2000 ICD-O-2 and the 2000 to 2006 ICD-O-3.