Table 2. Associations between regular bladder infection (regular low-UTI) and UTI treated with antibiotics (UTI-ab) and urinary bladder cancer in men and women.
|
Men |
Women |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Controls (n=1974) | Patients (n=1463) | OR (95% CI) | OR adjusteda (95% CI) | Controls (n=2396) | Patients (n=346) | OR (95% CI) | OR adjusteda (95% CI) | |
|
Regular low-UTI | ||||||||
| No | 1950 (98.8) | 1327 (90.7) | Ref | Ref | 2039 (85.1) | 232 (67.1) | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 24 (1.2) | 136 (9.3) | 8.3 (5.4–13) | 6.6 (4.2–11) | 357 (14.9) | 114 (32.9) | 2.8 (2.2–3.6) | 2.7 (2.0–3.5) |
|
Omission ⩽5 yearsb | ||||||||
| No | 1959 (99.2) | 1387 (94.8) | Ref | Ref | 2110 (88.1) | 263 (76.0) | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 15 (0.8) | 76 (5.2) | 7.2 (4.1–13) | 5.5 (3.1–9.9) | 286 (11.9) | 83 (24.0) | 2.3 (1.8–3.1) | 2.2 (1.6–3.0) |
|
UTI-ab | ||||||||
| No | 1569 (82.9) | 1174 (85.9) | Ref | Ref | 1110 (48.4) | 169 (54.0) | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 324 (17.1) | 192 (14.1) | 0.79 (0.65–0.96) | 0.76 (0.61–0.94) | 1182 (51.6) | 144 (46.0) | 0.80 (0.63–1.0) | 0.82 (0.64–1.1) |
|
Omission ⩽5 yearsc | ||||||||
| No | 1623 (85.7) | 1231 (90.1) | Ref | Ref | 1224 (53.4) | 187 (59.7) | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 270 (14.3) | 135 (9.9) | 0.66 (0.53–0.82) | 0.63 (0.49–0.80) | 1068 (46.6) | 126 (40.3) | 0.77 (0.61–0.98) | 0.72 (0.56–0.94) |
|
Number of UTI-ab | ||||||||
| 0 | 1569 (83.7) | 1174 (87.4) | Ref | Ref | 1110 (49.6) | 169 (58.5) | Ref | Ref |
| 1–2 | 217 (11.6) | 103 (7.7) | 0.63 (0.50–0.81) | 0.63 (0.48–0.82) | 530 (23.7) | 43 (14.9) | 0.53 (0.38–0.76) | 0.63 (0.43–0.91) |
| 3–5 | 75 (4.0) | 42 (3.1) | 0.75 (0.51–1.1) | 0.82 (0.54–1.2) | 333 (14.9) | 32 (11.1) | 0.63 (0.42–0.94) | 0.65 (0.43–1.0) |
| 6–10 | 11 (0.6) | 14 (1.0) | 1.7 (0.77–3.8) | 1.2 (0.52–2.9) | 159 (7.1) | 22 (7.6) | 0.91 (0.57–1.5) | 1.1 (0.64–1.8) |
| ⩾11 | 2 (0.1) | 11 (0.8) | 7.4 (1.6–33) | 6.0 (1.2–30) | 107 (4.8) | 23 (8.0) | 1.4 (0.88–2.3) | 1.1 (0.64–1.8) |
|
Omission ⩽5 yearsc | ||||||||
| 0 | 1623 (86.6) | 1227 (91.3) | Ref | Ref | 1224 (54.6) | 186 (64.4) | Ref | Ref |
| 1–2 | 173 (9.2) | 73 (5.4) | 0.56 (0.42–0.74) | 0.55 (0.41–0.75) | 450 (20.1) | 34 (11.8) | 0.50 (0.34–0.72) | 0.56 (0.37–0.83) |
| 3–5 | 66 (3.5) | 27 (2.0) | 0.54 (0.34–0.85) | 0.59 (0.36–0.97) | 311 (13.9) | 29 (10.0) | 0.61 (0.41–0.92) | 0.60 (0.39–0.94) |
| 6–10 | 11 (0.6) | 8 (0.6) | 0.96 (0.39–2.4) | 0.70 (0.26–1.9) | 149 (6.7) | 18 (6.2) | 0.80 (0.48–1.3) | 0.91 (0.53–1.6) |
| ⩾11 | 1 (0.1) | 9 (0.7) | 11.9 (1.5–94) | 8.2 (0.9–73) | 107 (4.8) | 22 (7.6) | 1.4 (0.83–2.2) | 1.0 (0.59–1.7) |
Abbreviations: CI=confidence interval; OR=odds ratio; UTI=urinary tract infection; UTI-ab=urinary tract infection treated with antibiotics.
OR adjusted for age (at diagnosis for patients and at filling out questionnaire for controls), highest education, smoking status (current, never, former), pack-years cigarettes, use of aspirin, use of ibuprofen/brufen.
Regular low-UTI for which the number of years between age of UTI and filling out questionnaire (controls)/age of UBC diagnosis (patients) was equal to or less than 5 years were set to zero. Among those who reported regular low-UTI, age at regular low-UTI was available in 15 (63%) male controls and 96 (71%) male patients and in 266 (75%) female controls and 89 (78%) female patients.
UTI-ab for which the number of years between age of first UTI and filling out questionnaire (controls)/age of UBC diagnosis (patients) was 2–5 years were set to zero. Among those who reported UTI-ab, age at first UTI-ab was available in 243 (75%) male controls and 118 (62%) male patients and in 738 (62%) female controls and 90 (63%) female patients.