Table 2. Mean prescribing volumes in England and Wales 12 months before and after the introduction of the CDF and PVR estimating the effect of the CDF.

Drug	Country	Mean over 12-month pre-CDF period (10/2009 to 10/2010) (mg per 1000 pop)	Mean over post CDF period (11/2010 to 12/2012) (mg per 1000 pop)	PVR (95% CI)a	P-Value
Group 1: Rejected by NICE for all indications pre-CDF
Bevacizumab	E	4.24	13.35	3.28 (2.59–4.14)	<0.001
	W	4.56	7.47	1.0
Sorafenib	E	43.45	54.49	1.29 (1.00–1.67)	0.050
	W	214.07	219.35	1.0
Group 2: Mixed recommended and rejected decisions by NICE pre-CDF
Imatinib	E	643.16	616.82	1.35 (1.21–1.49)	<0.001
	W	348.00	236.76	1.0
Cetuximab	E	8.21	14.65	1.29 (1.04–1.60)	0.020
	W	9.24	14.82	1.0
Sunitinib	E	18.70	15.27	0.93 (0.81–1.06)	0.266
	W	27.64	25.00	1.0
Group 3: Recommended for all indications by NICE pre-CDF
Rituximab	E	79.98	97.09	1.02 (0.93–1.13)	0.655
	W	85.54	98.66	1.0
Capecitabine	E	7955.36	5922.87	0.97 (0.91–1.04)	0.422
	W	8784.06	8698.37	1.0
Lenalidomide	E	6.31	9.53	1.11 (0.94–1.31)	0.226
	W	5.50	7.03	1.0
PLDHb	E	0.75	0.51	1.05 (0.48–2.31)	0.897
	W	0.81	0.42	1.0
Bortezomib	E	0.15	0.20	1.06 (0.89–1.27)	0.509
	W	0.13	0.16	1.0
Group 4: No NICE appraisal decision
Lapatinib	E	5.35	19.90	7.44 (5.81–9.54)	<0.001
	W	12.39	8.41	1.0
Panitumumab	E	0.26	0.45	5.40 (1.20–24.42)	0.028
	W	0.76	0.39	1.0

Abbreviations: CDF=Cancer Drugs Fund; CI=confidence interval; E=England; NICE=National Institute for Health and Care Excellence; PVR=prescribing volume ratios; W=Wales.

^aThe PVR for the effect of the CDF was estimated using a term for interaction between country and pre-/post-CDF period in a negative binomial regression model. The PVR is the additional effect of the CDF on prescribing trends in England compared with Wales.

^bPLDH Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin hydrochloride.