Table 4.

Association Between Tertiles of Filial Piety Expectations and Suicidal Ideation

	Model A	Model B	Model C	Model D
	OR (95% CI)
Outcome: 2-wk suicidal ideation
Age	1.02 (0.99, 1.04)	1.02 (1.00, 1.04)	1.01 (0.99, 1.04)	1.01 (0.98, 1.03)
Female	2.55 (1.59, 4.08)***	2.55 (1.58, 4.11)***	2.33 (1.44, 3.78)**	1.96 (1.17, 3.29)*
Years of education		0.98 (0.94, 1.02)	0.98 (0.94, 1.02)	0.98 (0.94, 1.02)
Income		0.61 (0.45, 0.83)*	0.60 (0.44, 0.82)*	0.67 (0.48, 0.96)*
Medical comorbidities			1.25 (1.10, 1.43)**	1.12 (0.97, 1.30)
Depressive symptoms				1.27 (1.22, 1.31)***
High expectation	1.0 (Reference)	1.0 (Reference)	1.0 (Reference)	1.0 (Reference)
Medium expectation	0.72 (0.44, 1.17)	0.75 (0.46, 1.22)	0.75 (0.46, 1.23)	0.75 (0.44, 1.28)
Low expectation	0.85 (0.54, 1.37)	0.90 (0.56, 1.45)	0.93 (0.57, 1.50)	0.68 (0.40, 1.15)
Outcome: 12-mo suicidal ideation
Age	1.02 (1.00, 1.04)	1.02 (1.00, 1.04)	1.01 (0.99, 1.04)	1.01 (0.99, 1.03)
Female	2.56 (1.72, 3.83)*	2.56 (1.70, 3.85)***	2.39 (1.58, 3.61)***	2.08 (1.35, 3.21)***
Years of education		0.99 (0.95, 1.02)	0.98 (0.95, 1.02)	0.99 (0.95, 1.03)
Income		0.73 (0.58, 0.93)**	0.73 (0.57, 0.92)**	0.81 (0.63, 1.05)
Medical comorbidities			1.19 (1.06, 1.34)**	1.08 (0.95, 1.22)
Depressive symptoms				1.24 (1.20, 1.28)***
High expectation	1.0 (Reference)	1.0 (Reference)	1.0 (Reference)	1.0 (Reference)
Medium expectation	0.79 (0.52, 1.20)	0.81 (0.53, 1.23)	0.81 (0.53, 1.24)	0.83 (0.53, 1.30)
Low expectation	0.93 (0.62, 1.39)	0.96 (0.63, 1.45)	0.98 (0.65, 1.49)	0.77 (0.49, 1.20)

Notes: Model A adjusted age and sex; Model B adjusted age, sex, education, and income; Model C adjusted age, education, income, and medical comorbidities; Model D adjusted age, education, income, medical conditions, and depressive symptoms.

*p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001.