Figure 1.

The combined Len/VD3 treatment induced apoptosis and inhibited cell cycle progression in MCL cells. (a–c) Dose–response of cells to Len and VD3. Cells (2 × 10⁵ cells/ml) were incubated with or without increasing concentrations of Len (a), VD3 (b) or combined Len/VD3 (c) for 6 days, and viability was assessed using MTT assay. The data represent the mean±S.E. of three independent experiments. (d) Len/VD3 induced apoptosis and inhibited cell cycle progression. Cells (2 × 10⁵ cells/ml) were incubated with or without 1 μM Len, 100 nM VD3 or Len/VD3 (1 μM and 100 nM) for 6 days and were then stained with Annexin V or PI. A representative experiment out of three is shown. (e) The Len/VD3 treatment induced apoptosis in primary MCL cells. Primary cells (1 × 10⁶ cells/ml) from seven independent patients were incubated with or without 10 μM Len, 100 nM VD3 or Len/VD3 for 6 days and were stained with Annexin V. *P<0.05