Figure 5.

PPARα activation regulates the primary macrophage TLR4 response in vitro. BMDMs were stimulated with LPS for 1 h (for IL-12p40) or 6 h (for TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), CCL-1, CCL-2, CXCL-1 and CXCL-10) in the absence or presence of Wy-14 643 (10, 25 or 50 μM). (a) Gene induction of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p40 and iNOS was measured by qRT-PCR. The average target gene/HPRT ratios for each experimental group were plotted. (b) Gene induction of CCL-1, CCL-2, CXCL-1 and CXCL-10 was measured by qRT-PCR. The average target gene/HPRT ratios for each experimental group were plotted. (c) Protein expression levels of PPARα were measured by western blotting in BMDMs stimulated by LPS in the absence or presence of Wy-14 643 (50 μM). Densitometry analysis of the proteins was performed