Table 2. Main Findings.

Average effect of affirmative action bans on the average first-time matriculation of medical school students who are underrepresented students of color, for the main analytic window (1993–2011) and all comparison states

	Medical School First-Time Matriculation
	No State-Specific Year Trend		State-Specific Year Trend
	Public (1)	Private (2)	Public (3)	Private (4)
A. Unweighted
BAN	−0.032***	−0.037**	−0.033***	−0.026
	(0.006)	(0.012)	(0.008)	(0.022)
B. Weighted
BAN	−0.030***	−0.041***	−0.032***	−0.028
	(0.006)	(0.012)	(0.007)	(0.022)
No. of obs.	1029	723	1029	723
No. of institutions	64	42	64	42

~p<.10.

^*p<.05.

^**p<.01.

^***p<.001. Standard errors in parentheses

Note: All models include state fixed effects and a full set of institutional- and state-level covariates; institutional-level covariates include whether institution is research ranked (vs. primary care ranked); state-level covariates include percentage of population by race (White, Black, Native American, Latino, Other), percentage of population with a bachelor’s degree, and percentage of 25–34 year olds unemployed. Models without a state-specific year trend include year fixed effects; Models with a state-specific year trend do not include year fixed effects to avoid collinearity. All models account for the clustering of observations within institution over time (with institutional random effects) and within state (with state fixed effects).