Table 3. Sensitivity Analyses.

Average effect of affirmative action bans on the average first-time matriculation of underrepresented medical school students of color.

	Public (1)	Private (2)
A. Main Results—Analytic Window 1993–2011 and all Comparison States
BAN	−0.032***	−0.028
	(0.007)	(0.022)
No. of obs.	1029	723
No. of institutions	64	42
B. Florida Excluded from Target States
BAN	−0.033***	−0.028
	(0.007)	(0.025)
No. of obs.	1005	715
No. of institutions	61	41
C. Narrower Subset of Comparison States
1. Geographically Distant States
BAN	−0.031***	−0.029
	(0.007)	(0.022)
No. of obs.	649	552
No. of institutions	44	33
2. Six Most Comparable States
BAN	−0.031***	−0.028
	(0.008)	(0.019)
No. of obs.	516	343
No. of institutions	37	21
D. Narrower Time Period (1996–2009)
BAN	−0.039**	−0.024
	(0.008)	(0.022)
No. of obs.	757	532
No. of institutions	64	42

Note: All models include state fixed effects and a full set of institutional- and state-level covariates; institutional-level covariates include whether the medical school is research ranked (vs. primary care ranked); state-level covariates include percentage of population by race (White, Black, Native American, Latino, other), percentage of population with a bachelor’s degree, and percentage of 25–34 year olds unemployed. Models do not include year fixed effects to avoid collinearity with state-specific year trend. All models account for the clustering of observations within institution over time (with institutional random effects) and within state (with state fixed effects).