Fig 8. Effect of caffeine, chlorogenic acid, hydoxybenzoic acid and trans-cinnamic acid in the somatic embryogenesis of C. canephora.

Explants from C. canephora leaves under embryogenic induction were supplemented with four different concentrations (1 μM, 10 μM, 100 μM and 1,000 μM) of A. Caffeine; B. Chlorogenic acid; C. Hydroxybenzoic acid, and D. Trans-cinnamic acid, at 7 dai. In contrast to the other compounds, which were diluted in the same culture medium, chlorogenic acid was diluted with dimethyl sulfoxide, which was used as a control. The number of every somatic embryo stage (globular, heart, torpedo and cotyledonary) was counted after 56 dai with and without (control) the phenolic compounds. The bars represent the mean ± SE (n = 3). Bars marked with different letters indicate statistically different values between each embryogenic stage at a given time according to the Tukey test (P ≤ 0.01). The experiments were performed three times.