Table 3.
Relative Risks For Incident Primary Hyperparathyroidism among Those with a History of Hypertension According to Classes of Antihypertensive Medication Use
| Thiazide Diuretic | Furosemide | Calcium Channel Blocker | β-Adrenergic Receptor Antagonist | ACE Inhibitor | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of incident P-HPTH cases | 55 | 22 | 42 | 72 | 50 |
| Person-years of follow-up | 120 932 | 29 986 | 97 142 | 149 811 | 109 333 |
| Age-adjusted RR (95% CI) | 1.25 (0.91–1.72) | 1.79 (1.15–2.79) | 1.15 (0.82–1.62) | 1.31 (0.99–1.74) | 1.02 (0.74–1.41) |
| Multivariate-adjusted RR (95% CI)a | 1.20 (0.88–1.66) | 1.77 (1.12–2.78) | 1.10 (0.78–1.55) | 1.26 (0.95–1.67) | 1.01 (0.73–1.39) |
| Multivariate + antihypertensive medication–adjusted RR (95% CI)b | 1.21 (0.88–1.67) | 1.71 (1.08–2.71) | 1.10 (0.78–1.55) | 1.26 (0.95–1.68) | 1.05 (0.76–1.46) |
The multivariable model includes age, BMI categories (<22, 22–24.9, 25–29.9, or ≥30 kg/m2), race, smoking status (past, current, or never), menopausal status (premenopausal or postmenopausal), postmenopausal hormone use (yes or no), physical examination in prior 2 years, physical activity (quintiles), history of diabetes, dietary calcium intake, supplemental calcium intake, total vitamin D and vitamin A intake, alcohol intake, dietary magnesium intake, and dietary protein intake.
Includes all variables in the multivariable model in addition to other individual antihypertensive medication classes: thiazide diuretics, furosemide, calcium channel blockers, β-adrenergic receptor antagonists, ACE inhibitors, and other antihypertensive classes.