Table 2.
Included articles using original clinical data
| Article characteristics | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| First author | Henke et al. | Hollenbeak et al. | Guillamondegui et al. |
| Year of publication | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 |
| Audit characteristics | |||
| Name | MSQCa | ACS-NSQIP | TSQCa |
| Procedures analyzed | Vascular surgeries | General and vascular surgeries | General and vascular surgeries |
| Setting | 16 U.S. hospitals | 1 U.S. academic hospital | 10 U.S. hospitals |
| Start Audit | 2005 | July 2007 | May 2008 |
| Control period | April 2005–March 2007 |
Study 1: July 2007–December 2007 Study 2: July 2007–June 2008 |
January 2009–December 2009 |
| Audit period | April 2007–March 2008 |
Study 1: July 2008–December 2008 Study 2: July 2008–June 2009 |
January 2010–December 2010 |
| Summary QI program | Timely feedback of data and comparison between institutions | Not specified (start of QI program in July 2008) | Sharing surgical process and outcome data between hospitals |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| Study size | |||
| Control | 2,453 patients |
Study 1: 699 patients Study 2: 1,230 patients |
14,205 patients |
| Audit | 3,409 patients |
Study 1: 522 patients Study 2: 992 patients |
14,901 patients |
| Main clinical outcomes | 2 % decrease in overall morbidity | Not described | Significant reduction in: SSI, >48 ventilator hours, graft/host/flap failure, RF, wound disruption |
| Financial characteristics | |||
| Financial source | Hospital accounting database | Hospital accounting database | ACS-NSQIP ROI calculator |
| Inclusion program costs | No | Yes (2009: $138,821 a year) | Yes (ROI calculator) |
| Financial analyses | Extrapolated cost savings from complication rates (earlier study) | Costs-to-charges methodology, audit group included NSQIP fee | Complication rate difference multiplied by complication costs |
| Average patient savings | $186 (2008: $172) | $356 (2009: $328)b | $238 (2009: $219)b |
MSQC Michigan Surgical Quality Consortium, ACS-NSQIP American College of Surgeons—National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, TSQC Tennessee Surgical Quality Consortium, U.S. United States, QI quality improvement, ROI return on investment, SSI surgical side infection, RF renal failure
aClinical data retrieved from ACS-NSQIP
bCalculation based on financial data in article