LTP treatment leads to necrotic cell death in both prostate cell lines and primary epithelial cells. Immediately following LTP treatment, the CellTox green cytoxicity assay (Promega) was performed to identify cells with comprimised membrane integrity characteristic of necrosis. In all, 1 mM H2O2, 1 μM staurosporine, and cell lysing agent (supplied with assay) were used as controls. Fluorescence intensity was quantified at 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h following treatment and normalised to untreated control wells in (A) BPH-1 and (B) PC-3 cell lines and in (C) normal and (D) cancer primary epithelial cells. Data are expressed as mean±s.e. Supporting fluorescence microscopy images ( × 10 magnification) taken at 4 h after treatment are also shown for each cell type.