Delirium screening and prevalence data from studies of critically ill patients
| Author | No of patients enrolled | Pre-existing cognitive or psychological function assessed (assessment method)? | Pre-ICU functional status assessed (assessment method)? | Delirium assessment tool | Physiologic scoring system | No of patients with delirium (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kishi et al, 1995 | 238 | No | No | DSM-III-R | NR | 38 (15.97) |
| Aldemir et al, 2001 | 818 | No | No | DSM-III-R | NR | 90 (11.00) |
| Dubois et al, 2001 | 198 | No | No | ICDSC | APACHE II | 38 (19.19) |
| Ely et al, 2004; Milbrandt et al, 2004 | 224 | Yes (mBDRS) | Yes (ADL) | CAM-ICU | APACHE II | 183 (81.70) |
| Lin et al, 2004 | 102 | No | No | CAM-ICU, DSM | APACHE III | 22 (21.57) |
| Micek et al, 2005 | 93 | No | No | CAM-ICU; | APACHE II | 44 (47.31) |
| Roberts et al, 2005 | 185 | No | No | ICDSC | APACHE II | 84 (45.41) |
| Thomason et al, 2005 | 261 | No | No | CAM-ICU | APACHE II | 125 (47.89) |
| Ranhoff et al, 2006 | 401 | Yes (MMSE) | Yes (ADL, APS) | CAM | APACHE II | 117 (29.18) |
| Balas et al, 2007 a 2008 | 114 | Yes (IQCODE, surrogate interview) | Yes (ADL, Katz) | CAM-ICU | APACHE II | 34 (29.82) |
| Marquis et al, 2007; Ouimet et al, 2007a | 537 | No | No | ICDSC | APACHE II | 189 (35.20) |
| Ouimet et al, 2007b | 764 | No | No | ICDSC | APACHE II | 243 (31.81) |
| Plaschke et al, 2008 | 37 | Yes | No | CAM-ICU | APACHE II | 17 (45.95) |
| Angles et al, 2008 | 69 | No | No | CAM-ICU | NR | 41 (59.42) |
| Lin et al, 2008 | 151 | Yes (BDRS) | No | CAM-ICU | APACHE III | 31 (20.53) |
| Van Rompaey et al, 2008 | 172 | No | No | CAM-ICU, NEECHAM | NR | 34 (19.77) |
| Lat et al, 2009 | 134 | No | No | CAM-ICU | APACHE II | 84 (62.69) |
| Page et al, 2009 | 71 | No | No | CAM-ICU | APACHE II | 22 (30.99) |
| Spronk et al, 2009 | 46 | Yes | No | CAM-ICU, | APACHE II | 23 (50.00) |
| Van Rompaey et al, 2009 | 523 | Yes (diagnosis of dementia) | No | NEECHAM | APACHE II | 155 (29.64) |
| Van den Boogaard et al, 2010 | 1740 | No | No | CAM-ICU | APACHE II | 332 (19.08) |
| Tsuruta 2010 | 103 | No | No | CAM-ICU | APACHE II | 21 (20.39) |
| Shehabi 2010 | 354 | No | No | CAM-ICU | NR | 228 (64.41) |
| Salluh 2010 | 232 | No | No | CAM-ICU | SAPS III | 75 (32.33) |
| Heymann 2010 | 418 | No | No | DDS | APACHE II | 204 (48.80) |
| Girard 2010 | 77 | No | No | CAM-ICU | APACHE II | 65 (84.00) |
| Van den Boogaard et al, 2011 | 1613 | No | No | CAM-ICU | APACHE II | 411 (26.00) |
| Van den Boogaard et al, 2012 (CCM) | 915 | No | No | CAM-ICU | APACHE II | 171 (18.60) |
| Sharma et al (2012) | 140 | No | No | DSM-IV | APACHE II | 75 (54.00) |
| Tomasi et al (2011) | 162 | No | No | CAM-ICU, ICDSC | APACHE II | 43 (26.50) |
| Serafim et al (2012) | 467 | No | No | CAM | APACHE II | 43 (9.20) |
| Tsuruta et al, 2014 | 180 | No | No | CAM-ICU | APACHE II | 115 (64.00) |
| Almeida t al, 2014 | 170 | No | No | CAM-ICU | SAPS II, SOFA, | 161* (91.00) |
| Van den Boogaard et al, 2014 | 1824 | No | No | CAM-ICU | APACHE II | 410 (22.50) |
| Lahariya et al, 2014 | 309 | No | No | CAM-ICU, DSM-IV-TR | APACHE II, SOFA | 81 (18.77) |
| Pisani et al, 2009 | 309 | Yes | Yes | CAM-ICU | APACHE II | N/A |
| Pandharipande et al, 2013 | 821 | Yes | Yes | CAM-ICU | APACHE II, SOFA | 606 (74.00) |
| Brummel et al, 2014 | 126 | Yes | Yes | CAM-ICU | APACHE II | 105 (84.00) |
| Wolters et al, 2013 | 1101 | No | No | CAM-ICU | APACHE IV, SOFA | 412 (37.00) |
| Mehta et al, 2014 | 420 | No | No | ICDSC | APACHE II | 226 (53.80) |
| Klein Klouwenberg et al, 2014 | 1112 | No | No | CAM-ICU | APACHE II | 558 (50.20) |
| Yamaguchi et al, 2014 | 126 | No | No | ICDSC | NR | 35 (27.80) |
DSM=diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders; ICDSC=intensive care delirium screening checklist; BDRS=Blessed dementia rating scale; mBDRS=modified Blessed dementia rating scale; CAM=confusion assessment method; CAM-ICU=confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit; IQCOD=informant questionnaire on cognitive decline in the elderly; NEECHAM=Neelon and Champagne confusion scale; MMSE=mini-mental status examination; APACHE=acute physiology and chronic health evaluation score; SOFA=sequential organ failure assessment score; ADL=activity of daily living