Table 1.
Sociodemographic and Smoking Characteristics and Patterns of E-Cigarette Use.
| Country | N | Dates of Data Collection (Survey Mid-Point ‡) | Survey Mode | Response Rate (Average Retention Rate) | N (%) Female | Age (Mean ± SD) | % Aware of E-Cigarettes (95% CI) | % Ever-Tried E-Cigarettes (95% CI) | % Currently UsingE-Cigarettes (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| China | 5583 | May 2009–Oct 2009 (Jul-2009) |
Face-to-Face | 52.8% ** (81.0%) | 297 (5%) | 50 ± 13 | 31% (28.7–34.0) | 2% (1.8, 2.9) | 0% (0.0–0.1) |
| Cigarette Smokers | 5209 | 270 (5%) | 50 ± 13 | 31% (28.4–33.8) | 2% (1.8–3.0) | ~0% | |||
| Recent quitters | 103 | 7 (7%) | 52 ± 13 | 40% (29.9–50.8) | 2% (0–4.4) | 0% | |||
| United Kingdom | 1325 | Jul 2010–Jun 2011 (Aug-2010) |
Web or Phone | 37.8% (72.8%) | 726 (55%) | 49 ± 13 | 54% (50.9–57.9) | 10% (7.1–12.1) | 4% (2.5–6.5) |
| Cigarette Smokers | 977 | 544 (56%) | 49 ± 13 | 56% (51.9–60.0) | 11% (8.0–13.9) | 5% (2.8–7.0) | |||
| Recent quitters | 77 | 46 (60%) | 47 ± 13 | 60% (44.4–74.9) | 16% (0–32.9) | 11% (0–28.5) | |||
| United States | 1520 | Jul 2010–Jun 2011 (Aug-2010) |
Web or Phone | 25.6% (63.4%) | 805 (53%) | 51 ± 13 | 73% (70.5–76.4) | 15% (12.1–17.8) | 6% (3.6–7.6) |
| Cigarette Smokers | 1262 | 671 (53%) | 52 ± 13 | 74% (70.5–76.8) | 18% (14.2–21.0) | 6% (4.0–8.8) | |||
| Recent quitters | 63 | 28 (44%) | 50 ± 14 | 72% (54.6–90.0) | 10% (1.0–19.9) | 7% (0–15.8) | |||
| Canada * | 1581 | Jul 2010–Jun 2011 (Aug-2010) |
Web or Phone | 49.5% (73.0%) | 872 (55%) | 47 ± 12 | 40% (36.5–42.6) | 4% (2.7–5.3) | 1% (0.6–2.1) |
| Cigarette Smokers | 1243 | 683 (55%) | 48 ± 12 | 40% (36.1–43.0) | 4% (2.9–6.0) | 2% (0.8–2.7) | |||
| Recent quitters | 74 | 34 (46%) | 47 ± 14 | 39% (25.2–53.7) | 5% (0–12.4) | 0% - | |||
| Republic of Korea | 1753 | Oct 2010–Dec 2010 (Nov-2010) |
Phone | 14.5% (50.3%) | 83 (5%) | 49 ± 16 | 79% (77.0–81.2) | 12% (10.4–14.1) | 7% (5.4–8.4) |
| Cigarette Smokers | 1560 | 76 (5%) | 49 ± 16 | 80% (77.6–82.0) | 13% (10.9–14.9) | 7% (5.7–8.9) | |||
| Recent quitters | 51 | 2 (4%) | 51 ± 15 | 75% (61.0–89.3) | 23% (9.3–36.5) | 13% (1.5–24.1) | |||
| Malaysia * | 1998 | May 2011–Feb 2012 (May-2011) |
Phone | N/A (56.7%) | 22 (1%) | 33 ± 23 | 62% (57.5–66.1) | 19% (16.2–22.6) | 14% (11.6–15.7) |
| Cigarette Smokers | 1773 | 16 (1%) | 31 ± 12 | 62% (57.4–67.0) | 21% (17.3–24.2) | 15% (12.4–17.0) | |||
| Recent quitters | 69 | 3 (4%) | 32 ± 14 | 69% (53.1–85.8) | 13% (3.2–22.2) | 6% (0.4–11.5) | |||
| Mexico *,† | 2129 | Oct 2012–Dec 2012 (Nov-2012) |
Face-to-Face | 80.7% (73.6%) | 801 (38%) | 41 ± 15 | 34% (30.0–37.5) | 4% (3.1–5.8) | - |
| Cigarette Smokers | 1747 | 646 (37%) | 40 ± 15 | 34% (30.0–37.8) | 5% (3.4–6.7) | - | |||
| Recent quitters | 70 | 25 (36%) | 41 ± 15 | 48% (28.5–68.0) | 3% (0.02–6.9) | - | |||
| Brazil *,† | 1215 | Oct 2012–Feb 2013 (Jan-2013) |
Phone | 10.6% (41.4%) | 787 (65%) | 49 ± 14 | 37% (34.0–41.0) | 8% (5.7–10.1) | - |
| Cigarette Smokers | 1090 | 714 (65%) | 49 ± 14 | 37% (33.7–41.0) | 8% (5.8–10.7) | - | |||
| Recent quitters | 45 | 25 (56%) | 46 ± 13 | 38% (23.7–55.4) | 8% (2.4–22.9) | - | |||
| Australia * | 1492 | Feb 2013–Sep 2013 (Mar-2013) |
Web or Phone | 45.8% (74.5%) | 801 (54%) | 47 ± 13 | 66% (62.7–69.1) | 20% (17.1–22.9) | 7% (4.7–8.5) |
| Cigarette Smokers | 1093 | 586 (54%) | 48 ± 13 | 69% (65.6–73.0) | 24% (20.4–27.7) | 9% (6.2–11.4) | |||
| Recent quitters | 88 | 46 (52%) | 44 ± 13 | 55% (41.2–68.1) | 16% (6.8–26.0) | 2% (0–5.4) | |||
| Netherlands | 1849 | May 2013–Jun 2013 (May-2013) |
Web | 64.6% (81.3%) | 907 (49%) | 40 ± 15 | 88% (86.4–90.4) | 19% (16.4–20.7) | 3% (2.4–4.1) |
| Cigarette Smokers | 1420 | 686 (48%) | 41 ± 15 | 87% (84.8–89.6) | 20% (17.4–22.5) | 4% (2.8–5.0) | |||
| Recent quitters | 284 | 154 (54%) | 38 ± 15 | 92% (88.9–95.5) | 14% (8.9–19.5) | 1% (0–1.9) |
Notes: Between-country comparisons cannot be made due to differences in survey timing and sequence of questioning in the survey; Smokers and Recent quitters categories will not add to the overall total because ‘recent quitters’ have been restricted to those who reported quitting within 6 months of the survey; Response rate for each country are for Wave 1 (except for Mexico, where the Wave 2 replenishment response rate is used as a surrogate) and an average of retention rates up to the wave being analyzed are reported above. Sample characteristics (gender and age) are unweighted and all other results are weighted by the rescaled cross-sectional weights; Prevalence estimates were rounded to the nearest whole number; SD = Standard deviation; CI = Confidence interval; N/A = Not available; * Countries where the sale of e-cigarettes containing nicotine is banned or restricted; ** estimated (exact rate could not be obtained); † The question about current use of e-cigarettes was not asked in the survey; ‡ The ‘survey date mid-point’ is the month/year on which 50% of the respondents had successfully completed the survey for that wave. Dates are listed in chronological order (earliest to latest date surveyed).