Table 4.
Summary of meta-analysis results for named programs.
| Program | Post Intervention | 3–9 Month Follow-up | 12-Month Follow-up | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depressive disorder (RD) | Depression symptoms (SMD) | Depressive disorder (RD) | Depression symptoms (SMD) | Depressive disorder (RD) | Depression symptoms (SMD) | |
| PRP | 6 studies; 8 intervention arms; N = 483 RD −0.18 [−0.31, −0.05] I2 = 74% |
11 studies; 12 intervention arms; N = 1628 SMD 0.11 [−0.21, 0.00] I2 = 0% |
5 studies; 6 intervention arms; N = 363 RD −0.19 [−0.36, −0.01] I2 = 84% |
10 studies; 13 intervention arms; N = 1206 SMD −0.17 [−0.29, −0.05] I2 = 0% |
4 studies; 5 intervention arms; N = 273 RD −0.05 [−0.14, −0.03] I2 = 16% |
7 studies; 10 intervention arms; N = 926 SMD −0.18 [−0.31, -0.05] I2 = 0% |
| Coping with Stress | 2 studies; 2 intervention arms; N = 215 RD −0.16 [−0.27, −0.04] I2 = 49% |
4 studies; 4 intervention arms; N = 598 SMD −0.34 [−0.50, −0.17] I2 = 0% |
2 studies; 2 intervention arms; N = 427 RD −0.12 [−0.19, −0.04] I2 = 0% |
3 studies; 3 intervention arms; N = 494 SMD −0.14 [−0.32, 0.04] |
2 studies; 2 intervention arms; N = 195 RD −0.12 [−0.24, −0.01] I2 = 0% |
2 studies; 2 intervention arms; N = 196 SMD −0.25 [−0.77, 0.27] |
| Friends | 1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 239 RD −0.06 [−0.17, 0.04] |
3 studies; 3 intervention arms; N = 486 SMD −0.09 [−0.28, 0.09] |
NA | 1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 68 SMD 0.19 [−0.29, 0.67] |
2 studies; 2 intervention arms; N = 452 RD −0.12 [−0.57, 0.33] |
2 studies; 2 intervention arms; N = 418 SMD −0.27 [−0.47, −0.06] I2 = 0% |
| Positive Thinking Program | 1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 76 RD −0.10 [−0.25, 0.05] |
1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 76 SMD −0.57 [−1.04, −0.10] |
1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 75 RD −0.21 [−0.37, −0.05] |
1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 75 SMD −0.25 [−0.71, 0.21] |
NA | NA |
| Blues Program | NA | 2 studies; 2 intervention arms; N = 153 SMD −0.65 [−1.03, −0.26] I2 = 0% |
1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 100 RD −0.09 [−0.25, 0.07] |
2 studies; 2 intervention arms; N = 153 SMD −0.38 [−0.76, −0.00] I2 = 0% |
NA | |
| Aussie Optimism Program | NA | 1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 427 SMD 0.14 [−0.05, 0.33] |
NA | 1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 395 SMD 0.12 [−0.08, 0.32] |
NA | |
| Stress focus | NA | 2 studies; 2 intervention arms; N = 38 SMD −0.47 [−1.17, 0.23] |
NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Confident kids | NA | 1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 44 SMD −0.66 [−1.58, 0.25] |
NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Learn Young Learn Fair | NA | 1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 1102 SMD 0.00 [−0.12, 0.12] |
NA | NA | NA | 1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 1011 SMD −0.02 [−0.15, 0.10] |
| Teaching Kids to Cope | NA | 1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 80 SMD −0.47 [−0.92, −0.03] |
NA | 1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 76 SMD −0.49 [−0.95, −0.04] |
NA | 1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 70 SMD −0.30 [−0.77, 0.17] |
| Moodgym | NA | 1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 719 SMD −0.15 [−0.30, 0.00] |
NA | 1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 690 SMD −0.13 [−0.28, 0.03] |
NA | NA |
| LISA-T | NA | 2 studies; 2 intervention arms; N = 446 SMD −0.07 [−0.26, 0.11] |
NA | 2 studies; 2 intervention arms; N = 435 SMD −0.23 [−0.65, 0.20] |
NA | NA |
| Problem solving for Life | NA | 2 studies; 4 intervention arms; N = 2310 SMD −0.14 [−0.25, −0.04] I2 = 29% |
1 study; 3 intervention arms; N = 714 RD −0.06 [−0.12, 0.01] |
1 study; 3 intervention arm; N = 1843 SMD −0.03 [−0.14, 0.08] |
1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 229 RD 0.01 [−0.06, 0.09] |
2 studies; 4 intervention arms; N = 2207 SMD 0.00 [−0.09, 0.10] |
| RAP | 1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 116 RD −0.17 [−0.33, −0.01] |
1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 116 SMD −0.32 [−0.68, 0.05] |
1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 116 RD −0.10 [−0.28, 0.07] |
1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 116 SMD −0.03 [−0.39, 0.34] |
NA | NA |
| Unspecified | 3 studies; 4 intervention arm; N = 667 RD −0.03 [−0.06, 0.01] |
5 studies; 7 intervention arms; N = 956 SMD −0.26 [−0.50, −0.02] I2 = 63% |
2 studies; 3 intervention arms; N = 409 RD −0.09 [−0.15, −0.03] I2 = 0% |
3 studies; 4 intervention arms; N = 717 SMD −0.24 [−0.54, −0.05] |
NA |
1 study; 1 intervention arm; N = 219 SMD −0.25 [−0.52, 0.02] |
| Subgroup differences | χ2 = 10.64, | χ2 = 36.31, | χ2 = 4.96, | χ2 = 16.18, | χ2 = 4.47, | χ2 = 13.05, |
RD: Risk Difference; SMD: Standardised Mean Difference; Bold font indicates significant results.